Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-fbnjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-13T04:13:22.509Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The kinetics of nutrient incorporation into body tissues of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) females and the subsequent effects on egg composition and egg quality

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Moti Harel ,
Amos Tandler ,
George W. Kissil  and
Shalom W. Applebaum
Moti Harel
Affiliation:
National Center for Mariculture, P.O. Box 1212, Eilat, Israel
Amos Tandler
Affiliation:
National Center for Mariculture, P.O. Box 1212, Eilat, Israel
George W. Kissil
Affiliation:
National Center for Mariculture, P.O. Box 1212, Eilat, Israel
Shalom W. Applebaum
Affiliation:
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Faculty of Agriculture, P.O. Box 12, Rehovot 76100, Israel
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The interaction between essential dietary components and changes in tissue nutrient reserves, egg quality and egg composition, were studied from 60 d before and during the spawning of Sparus aurata broodstock. Fish were given isonitrogenous (550 g/kg dry weight) and isolipidic (100 g/kg dry weight) diets, based on protein and lipid extracts of squid meal. Diets differed in the levels of n−6 (10–30 mg/g dry weight) and n−3 (0–10 mg/g dry weight) essential fatty acids. The effects of these diets on biochemical and fatty acid composition of body tissues, and the subsequent effects on egg composition and egg viability were measured. Dietary essential fatty acids were mostly incorporated into the liver, ovaries, digestive tract and associated adipose tissues. The lipid composition of these tissues reached an equilibrium with dietary lipid composition within 15 d of feeding on any given diet. Muscle and gill cartilage tissues did not show any significant changes in their biochemical and fatty acid composition, even after 60 d feeding. Egg viability decreased significantly within 10 d of feeding the broodstock with a diet deficient in n−3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (n−3 HUFA). The levels of n−3 HUFA in both polar and neutral fractions of egg lipid were directly correlated with their levels in the broodstock diet. When the total amount of egg n−3 HUFA dropped below 17 mg/g dry weight, egg viability and larvae hatching rate decreased by 53% and 47 % respectively. These results suggest that the biochemical composition of organs involved in S. aurata reproduction are highly sensitive to the nutritional value of the diet, which affects egg and larval quality rapidly.

Keywords

Egg compositionEgg qualityn−3 fatty acidsSparus aurata
Type
Kinetics of nutrient incorporation in seabream
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 72 , Issue 1 , July 1994 , pp. 45 - 58
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1994

References

REFERENCES

Aksnes, A., Gjerde, B. & Roald, S. O. (1986). Biological, chemical and organoleptic changes during maturation of farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar. Aquaculture 53, 7–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ando, K. (1962). Changes of the lipid during development of rainbow trout eggs. Bulletin ofJapanese Society for Scientific Fisheries 28, 73–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ando, S., Yamazaki, F., Hatano, M. & Zama, K. (1986). Deterioration of chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta muscle during spawning migration 3. Changes in protein composition and protease activity of juvenile chum salmon muscle upon treatment with sex steroid. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B 83, 325–330.Google Scholar
Association of Official Analytical Chemists (1980). Oficial Methods of Analysis 13th ed. Arlington, VA: Association of Official Analytical Chemists.Google Scholar
Christie, W. W. (1982). Lipid Analysis. Isolation, Separation, Identification and Structural Analysis of Lipids, 2nd ed. Oxford: Pergamon Press.Google Scholar
Diana, J. S. & Mackay, W. C. (1979). Timing and magnitude of energy deposition and loss in body, liver, and gonads of northern pike Esox lucius. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 36, 481–487.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dianne, L. A. & Innis, S. M. (1992). Docosahexaenoic acid in developing brain and retina of piglets fed high or low α-linolenate formula with and without fish oil. Lipids 27, 89–93.Google Scholar
Folch, J., Lees, M. & Stanley, G. H. S. (1957). A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. Journal of Biological Chemistry 226, 497–509.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fryer, H. C. (1966). Concepts and Methods of Experimental Statistics. Boston, MA: Allyn & Baccon.Google Scholar
Fujii, M. & Yone, Y. (1976). Studies on nutrition of red seabream. XIII. Effect of dietary linolenic acid and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on growth and feed efficiency. Nippon Suism Gakkaishi 42, 583–588.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gothilf, Y. (1990). Pharmacokinetics, metabolism and bioactivity of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) and its analogs in the gilthead seabream Sparus aurata. M.Sc. Thesis, Hebrew University of Jerusalem.Google Scholar
Hardy, R. W. (1984). Salmonid broodstock nutrition. Aquaculture 43, 98–108.Google Scholar
Hatano, M., Mizogami, M. & Sugawara, A. (1989). Lipid metabolism. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 55, 1623–1627.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kanazawa, A., Teshima, S. I. & Ono, K. (1979). Relationship between essential fatty acid requirements of aquatic animals and the capacity of bioconversion of linolenic acid to highly unsaturated fatty acids. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B 63, 295–298.Google ScholarPubMed
Kjorsvik, E., Mangor, A. J. & Holmefjord, I. (1990). Egg quality in fishes. Advances in Marine Biology 26, 71–113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lal, B. & Singh, T. P. (1987). Changes in tissue lipid levels in the freshwater catfish Calarias batrachus associated with the reproductive cycle. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 3, 191–201.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lowry, O. H., Rosebrough, N. J., Farr, A. L. & Randall, R. J. (1951). Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry 193, 265–275.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Medford, B. A. & Mackay, W. C. (1978). Protein and lipid content of gonads, liver, and muscle of northern pike (Esox lucius) in relation to gonad growth. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 35, 213–219.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morrison, W. R. & Smith, L. M. (1964). Preparation of fatty acid esters and dimethylacetals from lipids with boron fluoride-methanol. Journal of Lipid Research 5, 600–608.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mourente, G. & Odriozola, J. M. (1990 a). Effect of broodstock diets on lipid classes and their fatty acid composition in eggs of gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 8, 93–101.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mourente, G. & Odriozola, J. M. (1990 b). Effect of broodstock diets on total lipids and fatty acid composition of larvae of gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 8, 103–110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nassour, I. & Leger, C. L. (1989). Deposition and mobilization of body fat during sexual maturation in female trout Salmo gairdneri R. Aquatic Living Resources 2, 153–159.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sargent, J. R., Henderson, R. J. & Tocher, D. R. (1989). The lipids. In Fish Nutrition, pp. 153–218 [Halver, J. E., editor]. New York, London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Sakai, K., Nomura, M. & Takashima, F. (1985). Characteristics of naturally spawned eggs of red seabream. Bulletin of Japanese Society for Scientific Fisheries 51, 1395–1399.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shimma, Y., Suzuki, R., Yamaguchi, M. & Akiyama, T. (1977). The lipids of adult carps raised on fish meal and SCP feeds and hatchabilities of their eggs. Bulletin of Freshwater Fisheries Research Laboratory 27, 35–48.Google Scholar
Sokal, R. R. & Rholf, F. J. (1981). Biometry. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman and Company.Google Scholar
Wainwright, P. E., Huang, Y. S., Fleming, B. B., Dalby, D., Mills, D. E., Redden, P. & McCutchen, D. (1992) The effects of dietary n-3/n-6 ratio on brain development in the mouse: a dose response study with long-chain n-3 fatty acids. Lipids 27, 98–103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Washburn, B. S., Frye, D. J., Hung, S. I. & Conte, F. S. (1990). Dietary effects on tissue composition, oogenesis and the reproductive performance of female rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Aquaculture 90, 179–195.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watanabe, T., Arakawa, T., Kitajima, C. & Fujita, S. (1984 a). Effect of nutritional quality of broodstock diet on reproduction of red seabream. Bulletin of Japanese Society for Scientific Fisheries 50, 495–501.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watanabe, T., Itoh, A., Murakami, A., Tsukashima, Y., Kitajima, C. & Fujita, S. (1984 b). Effect of dietary protein level on reproduction of red seabream. Bulletin of Japanese Society for ScientGc Fisheries 50, 495–501.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watanabe, T., Itoh, A., Murakami, A., Tsukashima, Y., Kitajima, C. & Fujita, S. (1984 c). Effect of nutritional quality of diets given to broodstock on the verge of spawning on reproduction of red seabream. Bulletin of Japanese Society for Scientific Fisheries 50, 1023–1028.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watanabe, T., Ohhashi, S., Itoh, A., Kitajima, C. & Fujita, S. (1984 d). Effect of nutritional composition of diets on chemical components of red seabream broodstock and egg produced. Bulletin of Japanese Society for Scientific Fisheries 50, 503–515.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watanabe, T., Takeuchi, T., Saito, M. & Nishimura. K. (1984 e). Effect of low protein-high calorie or essential fatty acid deficient diet on reproduction of rainbow trout. Bulletin of Japanese Society for ScientiJic Fisheries 51, 1207–1215.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watanabe, T., Itoh, A,, Satoh, S., Kitajima, C. & Fujita, S. (1985 a). Effect of dietary protein levels and feeding period before spawning on chemical compositions of eggs produced by red seabream. Bulletin of Japanese Society for Scientific Fisheries 51, 1501–1509.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watanabe, T., Koizumi, T., Suzuki, H., Satoh, S., Takeuchi, T., Yoshida, N., Kitada, T. & Tsukashima, Y. (1985 b). Improvement of quality of red seabream eggs by feeding broodstock on a diet containing uttlefish meal or a raw krill shortly before spawning. Bulletin of Japanese Society for Scientific Fisheries 51, 1511–1521.CrossRefGoogle Scholar