Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-lj6df Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-11T07:14:32.824Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Magnetic resonance imaging of the behaviour of oil-in-water emulsions in the gastric lumen of man

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 March 2007

Luca Marciani ,
Martin S. J. Wickham ,
Debbie Bush ,
Richard Faulks ,
Jeff Wright ,
Annette J. Fillery-Travis ,
Robin C. Spiller  and
Penny A. Gowland
Luca Marciani
Affiliation:
Wolfson Digestive Diseases Centre, Queen's Medical Centre, University Hospital, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK Sir Peter Mansfield Magnetic Resonance Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
Martin S. J. Wickham
Affiliation:
Institute of Food Research, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UA, UK
Debbie Bush
Affiliation:
Department of Surgery, Queen's Medical Centre, University Hospital, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
Richard Faulks
Affiliation:
Institute of Food Research, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UA, UK
Jeff Wright
Affiliation:
Department of Surgery, Queen's Medical Centre, University Hospital, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
Annette J. Fillery-Travis
Affiliation:
Institute of Food Research, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UA, UK Centre for Research and Dissemination, PDF.net, 39 Harvey Lane, Norwich NR7 0BZ, UK
Robin C. Spiller
Affiliation:
Wolfson Digestive Diseases Centre, Queen's Medical Centre, University Hospital, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
Penny A. Gowland*
Affiliation:
Sir Peter Mansfield Magnetic Resonance Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
*
*corresponding author: Professor Penny A. Gowland, fax +44 115 951 5166, email Penny.Gowland@nottingham.ac.uk
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Pre-processed foods often contain a high percentage of lipid, present as emulsions stabilised with various surface-active agents. The acidic gastric environment can affect the behaviour of such emulsions, modifying the lipid spatial distribution and, in turn, the rate of gastric emptying and nutrient delivery to the gut. The aim of the present study was to use echo-planar magnetic resonance imaging (EPI) to determine the behaviour of model olive oil emulsions during gastric processing. Six healthy male volunteers were intubated nasogastrically on two separate occasions and fed 500ml 15% (w/w) olive oil-in-water, surfactant-stabilised emulsions designed to have identical droplet size distribution and which were either stable or unstable under gastric acid conditions. EPI was used to assess the oil fraction of the intragastric emulsions, gastric emptying and to visualise the spatial distribution of the oil at 10, 30 and 50min postprandially. The in vivo imaging measurements of the oil volume fraction of the emulsions correlated well (r 0·66, acid-stable; r 0·52, acid-unstable) with that assayed in the gastric aspirates. Compared with the acid-stable emulsion, the acid-unstable emulsion in the gastric lumen rapidly separated into lipid-depleted ‘aqueous’ and lipid layers. Phase separation in the acid-unstable meal allowed the oil-depleted component to empty first and more rapidly than the stable emulsion as determined by the gastric emptying curves. These pilot data suggest that gastric processing and emptying of high-fat foods could be manipulated by careful choice of emulsifier.

Keywords

Magnetic resonance imagingEcho-planar imagingStomachMan
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 95 , Issue 2 , February 2006 , pp. 331 - 339
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2006

References

Bligh, EG & Dyer, WJA rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Can J Biochem Biophys 1959 37, 911–917.Google ScholarPubMed
Borovicka, J, Schwizer, W, Guttmann, G, Hartmann, D, Kosinski, M, Wastiel, C, Bischof-Delaloye, A & Fried, MRole of lipase in the regulation of postprandial gastric acid secretion and emptying of fat in humans: a study with orlistat, a highly specific lipase inhibitor. Gut 2000 46, 774–781.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boulby, P, Gowland, P, Adams, V & Spiller, RCUse of echo planar imaging to demonstrate the effect of posture on the intragastric distribution and emptying of an oil/water meal. Neurogastroenterol Motil 1997 9, 41–47.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boulby, P, Moore, R, Gowland, P & Spiller, RCFat delays emptying but increases forward and backward antral flow as assessed by flow-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging. Neurogastroenterol Motil 1999 11, 27–36.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bray, GAAfferent signals regulating food intake. Proc Nutr Soc 2000 59, 373–384.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Carney, BI, Jones, KL, Horowitz, M, Sun, WM, Penagini, R & Meyer, JHGastric emptying of oil and aqueous meal components in pancreatic insufficiency: effects of posture and on appetite. Am J Physiol 1995 268, G925–G932.Google ScholarPubMed
Charalambous, G & Doxastakis, GFood Emulsifiers: Chemistry, Technology, Functional Properties and Applications. Oxford: Elsevier. 1989Google Scholar
Christian, PE, Moore, JG, Datz, FLComparison of Tc-99m labeled liver and liver pate as markers for solid-phase gastric-emptying. J Nucl Med 1984 25, 364–366.Google ScholarPubMed
Collins, PJ, Horowitz, M & Chatterton, BEProximal, distal and total stomach emptying of a digestible solid meal in normal subjects. Br J Radiol 1988 61, 12–18.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cote, F, Pare, P & Friede, JPhysiological effect of cholecystokinin on gastric-emptying of liquid in functional dyspepsia. Am J Gastroenterol 1995 90, 2006–2009.Google ScholarPubMed
Cunningham, KM, Baker, RJ, Horowitz, M, Maddox, AFEdelbroek, MAL & Chatterton, BEUse of technetium-99m(V)thiocyanate to measure gastric-emptying of fat. J Nucl Med 1991 32, 878–881.Google ScholarPubMed
Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs (2000) SN 4512 – National Food Survey 2000. http://www.data-archive.ac.ukGoogle Scholar
Dickinson, EHydrocolloids at interfaces and the influence on the properties of dispersed systems. Food Hydrocolloids 2003 17, 25–39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drewnowski, AWhy do we like fat?. J Am Diet Assoc Suppl., 1997 97, s58–s62.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Edelbroek, M, Horowitz, M, Maddox, A & Bellen, JGastric emptying and intragastric distribution of oil in the presence of a liquid or a solid meal. J Nucl Med 1992 33, 1283–1290.Google ScholarPubMed
Evans, DF, Lamont, G, Stehling, MK, Blamire, AM, Gibbs, P, Coxon, R, Hardcastle, JD, Mansfield, PProlonged monitoring of the upper gastrointestinal tract using echo-planar magnetic resonance imaging. Gut 1993 34, 848–852.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fone, DR, Horowitz, M, Heddle, R, Maddox, AF, Collins, PJ, Read, NW & Dent, JComparative effects of duodenal and ileal intubation on gastric emptying and postprandial antral, pyloric, and duodenal motility. Scand J Gastroenterol 1991 26, 16–22.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fraser, R, Borovicka, J, Schwizer, W, Asal, K, Crelier, G, Boesiger, P, Blum, AL, Gonvers, JJ & Fried, MMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure proximal and distal gastric motility during emptying of a liquid meal. Gastroenterology 1993 104, A509–A509.Google Scholar
Freeman, AJ, Gowland, PA & Mansfield, POptimization of the ultrafast Look-Locker echo-planar imaging T1 mapping sequence. Magn Reson Imaging 1998 16, 765–772.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Guinard, JX, ZoumasMorse, C, Mori, L, Uatoni, B, Panyam, D & Kilara, ASugar and fat effects on sensory properties of ice cream. J Food Sci 1997 62, 1087–1094.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heading, RC, Tothill, P, Laidlow, AJ & Shearman, DJCAn evaluation of 113-In-DTPA chelate in the measurement of gastric emptying by scintiscanning. Gut 1971 12, 611–615.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Horowitz, M, Collins, PJ & Shearman, DJCDisorders of gastric emptying in humans and the use of radionuclide techniques. Arch Intern Med 1985 145, 1467–1472.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Horowitz, M, Jones, K, Edelbroek, MAL, Smout, A & Read, NWThe effect of posture on gastric-emptying and intragastric distribution of oil and aqueous meal components and appetite. Gastroenterology 1993 105, 382–390.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Howseman, AM, Stehling, MK, Chapman, B, Coxon, R, Turner, R, Ordidge, RJ, Cawley, MG, Glover, P, Mansfield, P & Coupland, REImprovements in snap-shot nuclear magnetic resonance imaging.. Br J Radiol 1988 61, 822–828.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hunter, RJZeta Potential in Colloid Science, Principles and Applications London: Academic Press. 1981Google Scholar
Jian, R, Vigneron, N, Najean, Y & Bernier, JJGastric-emptying and intra-gastric distribution of lipids in man: a new scintigraphic method of study. Dig Dis Sci 1982 27, 705–711.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kerlin, P, Byrnes, O & Wong, LRadiolabeled unprocessed bran: validation of a practical labeling technique and evaluation of gastrointestinal transit profiles in health. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1989 4, 119–126.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kunz, P, Feinle-Bisset, C, Faas, H, Boesiger, P, Fried, M, Steingotter, A & Schwizer, WEffect of ingestion order of the fat component of a solid meal on intragastric fat distribution and gastric emptying assessed by MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging 2005 21, 383–390.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lin, HC, Doty, JE, Reedy, TJ & Meyer, JHInhibition of gastricemptying by sodium oleate depends on length of intestine exposed to nutrient. Am J Physiol 1990 259, G1031–G1036.Google Scholar
Lissner, L & Heitmann, BLDietary fat and obesity: evidence from epidemiology. Eur J Clin Nutr 1995 49, 79–90.Google ScholarPubMed
Malmud, LS, Fisher, RS, Knight, LC & Rock, EScintigraphic evaluation of gastric emptying. Semin Nucl Med 1982 12, 116–125.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marciani, L, Gowland, PA, Spiller, RC, Manoj, P, Moore, RJ, Young, P & Fillery-Travis, AJEffect of meal viscosity and nutrients on satiety, intragastric dilution, and emptying assessed by MRI. Am J Physiol 2001b 280, G1227–G1233.Google ScholarPubMed
Marciani, L, Wickham, M, Hills, BP, Wright, J, Bush, D, Faulks, R, Fillery-Travis, A, Spiller, RC & Gowland, PAIntragastric oil-in-water emulsion fat fraction measured using inversion recovery echo-planar magnetic resonance imaging. J Food Sci 2004 69, E290–E296.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marciani, L, Young, P, Wright, J, Moore, R, Coleman, N, Gowland, PA & Spiller, RCAntral motility measurements by magnetic resonance imaging. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2001a 13, 511–518.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mathus-Vliegen, EMH, Van Ierland-Van Leeuwen, ML & Roolker, WGastric emptying, CCK release, and satiety in weight-stable obese subjects. Dig Dis Sci 2005 50, 7–14.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Charalambous, G & Doxastakis, GFood Emulsifiers: Chemistry, Technology, Functional Properties and Applications. Oxford: Elsevier. 1989Google Scholar
Christian, PE, Moore, JG & Datz, FLComparison of Tc-99m labeled liver and liver pate as markers for solid-phase gastric-emptying. J Nucl Med 1984 25, 364–366.Google ScholarPubMed
Collins, PJ, Horowitz, M & Chatterton, BEProximal, distal and total stomach emptying of a digestible solid meal in normal subjects. Br J Radiol 1988 61, 12–18.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cote, F, Pare, P & Friede, JPhysiological effect of cholecystokinin on gastric-emptying of liquid in functional dyspepsia. Am J Gastroenterol 1995 90, 2006–2009.Google ScholarPubMed
Cunningham, KM, Baker, RJ, Horowitz, M, Maddox, AF, Edelbroek, & Chatterton, BEUse of technetium-99m(V)thiocyanate to measure gastric-emptying of fat. J Nucl Med 1991 32, 878–881.Google ScholarPubMed
Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs (2000) SN 4512 – National Food Survey 2000. http://www.data-archive.ac.ukGoogle Scholar
Dickinson, EHydrocolloids at interfaces and the influence on the properties of dispersed systems. Food Hydrocolloids 2003 17, 25–39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drewnowski, AWhy do we like fat?. J Am Diet Assoc Suppl., 1997 97, S58–S62.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Edelbroek, M, Horowitz, M, Maddox, A & Bellen, JGastric emptying and intragastric distribution of oil in the presence of a liquid or a solid meal. J Nucl Med 1992 33, 1283–1290.Google ScholarPubMed
Evans, DF, Lamont, G, Stehling, MK, Blamire, AM, Gibbs, P, Coxon, R, Hardcastle, JD & Mansfield, PProlonged monitoring of the pper gastrointestinal tract using echo-planar magnetic resonance imaging. Gut 1993 34, 848–852.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fone, DR, Horowitz, M, Heddle, R, Maddox, AF, Collins, PJ, Read, NW, Dent, JComparative effects of duodenal and ileal intubation on gastric emptying and postprandial antral, pyloric, and duodenal motility. Scand J Gastroenterol 1991 26, 16–22.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fraser, R, Borovicka, J, Schwizer, W, Asal, K, Crelier, G, Boesiger, P,Blum, AL, Gonvers, JJ & Fried, MMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure proximal and distal gastric motility during emptying of a liquid meal. Gastroenterology 1993 104, A509–A509.Google Scholar
Freeman, AJ, Gowland, PA & Mansfield, POptimization of the ultrafast Look-Locker echo-planar imaging T1 mapping sequence. Magn Reson Imaging 1998 16, 765–772.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Guinard, JX, ZoumasMorse, C, Mori, L, Uatoni, B, Panyam, D & Kilara, ASugar and fat effects on sensory properties of ice cream. J Food Sci 1997 62, 1087–1094.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heading, RC, Tothill, P, Laidlow, AJ & Shearman, DJCAn evaluation of 113-In-DTPA chelate in the measurement of gastric emptying by scintiscanning. Gut 1971 12, 611–615.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Horowitz, M, Collins, PJ & Shearman, DJCDisorders of gastric emptying in humans and the use of radionuclide techniques. Arch Intern Med 1985 45, 1467–1472.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Horowitz, M, Jones, K, Edelbroek, MAL, Smout, A & Read, NWThe effect of posture on gastric-emptying and intragastric distribution of oil and aqueous meal components and appetite. Gastroenterology 1993 105, 382–390.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Howseman, AM, Stehling, MK, Chapman, B, Coxon, R, Turner, R, Ordidge, RJ, Cawley, MG, Glover, P, Mansfield, P & Coupland, REImprovements in snap-shot nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. Br J Radiol 1988 61, 822–828.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hunter, RJZeta Potential in Colloid Science, Principles and Applications. London: Academic Press 1981Google Scholar
Jian, R, Vigneron, N, Najean, Y & Bernier, JJGastric-emptying and intra-gastric distribution of lipids in man: a new scintigraphic method of study. Dig Dis Sci 1982 27, 705–711.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kerlin, P, Byrnes, O & Wong, LRadiolabeled unprocessed bran: validation of a practical labeling technique and evaluation of gastrointestinal transit profiles in health. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1989 4, 119–126.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed