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Major determinants of fasting heat production and energetic cost of activity in growing pigs of different body weight and breed/castration combination*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

J. Van Milgen ,
J. F. Bernier ,
Y. Lecozler ,
S. Dubois  and
J. Noblet
J. Van Milgen*
Affiliation:
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Station de Recherches Porcines, 35590 Saint-Gilles, France
J. F. Bernier
Affiliation:
Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Ste-Foy, Québec, G1K 7P4, Canada
Y. Lecozler
Affiliation:
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Station de Recherches Porcines, 35590 Saint-Gilles, France
S. Dubois
Affiliation:
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Station de Recherches Porcines, 35590 Saint-Gilles, France
J. Noblet
Affiliation:
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Station de Recherches Porcines, 35590 Saint-Gilles, France
*
†Corresponding author: J. van Milgen, fax +33 2 99 28 50 80, email jaap@st-gilles.rennes.inra.fr
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Abstract

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A total of sixty-five observations on heat production during fasting and physical activity were obtained in four groups of pigs differing in breed and/or castration (Meishan (MC) and Large White (LWC) castrates and Large White (LWM) and Piétrain (PM) males) with body weight (BW) ranging between 25 and 60 kg. Pigs were fed ad libitum before fasting. Heat production was measured using indirect calorimetry. Fasting heat production (FHP) was proportional to the body weight raised to the power 0.55, but with group-specific proportionality parameters (810, 1200, 1220 and 1120kJ/kg BW0.55 per d for MC, LWC, LWM and PM respectively). Group effects could be removed by expressing FHP as a function of muscle, viscera and fat: FHP (kJ/d) = 457(muscle)0.81 + 1969(viscera)0.81 - 644(fat)0.81. It is hypothesized that different breeds with equal muscle and visceral mass, can have different FHP. The negative coefficient for fat would then be the result of a low FHP rather than a cause of it. Because a large part of the variation in tissue composition between groups was due to MC group, a separate equation for the lean groups was established. For lean pigs, FHP could be expressed as a function of muscle and viscera alone: FHP (kJ/d) = 508(muscle)0.66 + 2011(viscera)0.66. Both type of pig and BW affected the number of bouts of physical activities (i.e. standing or sitting) per day, the duration of activity and the total cost of activity. Energetic cost of activity was proportional to the muscle mass raised to the power 0.91 (FHPactivity (kJ/h activity) = 21.0(muscle)0.91). Physical activity represented less than 10% of the total heat production in fasting growing pigs housed alone in metabolic cages and kept in a quiet environment.

Keywords

Energy metabolismFasting heat productionBody compositionPigs
Type
Animal Nutrition
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 79 , Issue 6 , June 1998 , pp. 509 - 517
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1998

Footnotes

*

Presented in part at the 14th Symposium on Energy Metabolism of Farm Animals held at Newcastle, Northern Ireland, September 1997.

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