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Positive effects of a chicken eggshell powder-enriched vitamin–mineral supplement on femoral neck bone mineral density in healthy late post-menopausal Dutch women

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Anne Schaafsma ,
Jasper J. van Doormaal ,
Frits A. J. Muskiet ,
Gert J. H. Hofstede ,
Igor Pakan  and
Eveline van der Veer
Anne Schaafsma*
Affiliation:
Department of Research & Development Leeuwarden, Friesland Coberco Dairy Foods, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
Jasper J. van Doormaal
Affiliation:
Groningen University Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands
Frits A. J. Muskiet
Affiliation:
Groningen University Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands
Gert J. H. Hofstede
Affiliation:
Groningen University Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands
Igor Pakan
Affiliation:
Medical Centre Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
Eveline van der Veer
Affiliation:
Groningen University Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands
*
*Corresponding author: Dr Anne Schaafsma, fax +31 58 2992540, email a.schaafsma@FDF.nl
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Abstract

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Although bone metabolism is largely under genetic control, the role of nutrition is considerable. The present study evaluates the effects of chicken eggshell powder, a new source of dietary Ca, and purified CaCO3 on bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine and hip. Besides BMD we also looked at biochemical markers of bone and Ca metabolism. Both Ca sources were provided in combination with minerals and vitamins including Mg, cholecalciferol and phylloquinone. We designed a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to take place over 12 months. Healthy Caucasian women (n 85), selected by age (≥50 and <70 years), from the databases of general practitioners were recruited by telephone calls. They had to be at least 5 years post-menopausal, with lumbar spine T-score being >-2·5. At baseline, their mean habitual daily Ca intake was adequate. The women were randomly allocated to: eggshell powder-enriched (group A; n 24), purified CaCO3-enriched (group B; n 22), or a placebo product (group C; n 27). BMD was measured at baseline and then after 6 and 12 months of supplementation as were the biochemical markers bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, amino-terminal propeptide extension of type I collagen, deoxypyridinoline, calcitonin, intact parathyroid hormone, calcidiol, and urinary Ca. After 12 months of supplementation, only mean BMD of the femoral neck in group A was significantly increased (P=0·014) by 1·75 % (95 % CI 0·18, 3·32) compared with a decrease of -0·60 % (95 % CI -1·92, 0·72) in group C. This increase coincided with significant decreases in markers of bone resorption and formation. No significant changes were seen in BMD at other sites, including lumbar spine, nor in groups B and C. No differences were found between groups A and B, or B and C. The present study indicates that healthy late post-menopausal women with an adequate Ca intake at baseline may increase BMD of the hip within 12 months following supplementation with the chicken eggshell powder-enriched supplement.

Keywords

Eggshell powderCalcium carbonateBone mineral densityPostmenopausal women
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 87 , Issue 3 , March 2002 , pp. 267 - 275
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2002

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