Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-lj6df Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T12:25:58.409Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The response in the blood of piglets to oral doses of galactose and glucose and intravenous administration of galactose

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

P. H. Bir  and
P. E. Hartmann
P. H. Bir
Affiliation:
Departtnent of Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
P. E. Hartmann
Affiliation:
Departtnent of Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The kinetics of the response in the blond of piglets to physiological oral intakes of galactose and glucose, and intravenous administration of galactose are described. Following the intravenous administration of galactose to 2- and 10-d-old piglets (n 7), the half-life was 7.98 (SD 0.75) and 7.99 (SD 1.89) min respectively, and efficient elimination rate was 9.09 (SD 2.15) and 8.75 (SD 0.79) % per min respectively. The turnover of galactose in the piglets was 100-3 μg/min per kg body weight. These observations demonstrate that galactose was rapidly removed from the blood of the piglets. While the dosing and sampling procedures stimulated hyperglycaemia, they had no effect on the concentration of galactose in the peripheral plasma. The galactose area under the curve (adjusted to the plasma volume of the animal) following a dose of either galactose or galactose plus glucose was 1.75 (SD 0.15) and 1.95 (SD 0.14) arbitrary units respectively in 2-d-old piglets and 1.96 (SD 0.26) and 1.98 (SD 0.10) arbitrary units respectively in 10-d-old piglets. Since the presence of glucose did not lower the adjusted area under the curve for galactose in the peripheral blood, the effect of glucose on the metabolism of galactose in piglets was more like that reported for rats than that for man, guinea-pigs or mice. It is suggested that the galactose moiety of lactose may make an important contribution to the replenishment of liver glycogen in the neonatal piglet.

Keywords

GalactoseGlucoseBlood galactose kineticsPiglet
Type
Response to feeding of galactose and glucose
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 71 , Issue 4 , April 1994 , pp. 553 - 561
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1994

References

REFERENCES

Arthur, P. G., Kent, J. C. & Hartmann, P. E. (1989). Microanalysis of the metabolic intermediate of lactose synthesis in human milk and plasma using bioluminescent methods. Analytical Biochemistry 176, 449–456.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barber, R. S., Braude, R. & Mitchell, K. G. (1955). Studies on milk production of large white pigs. Journal of Agricultural Science 46, 97–118.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bengtsson, G., Gentz, J., Hakkarainen, J., Hellström, R. & Persson, B. (1969). Plasma levels of FFA, glycerol, β-hydroxybutyrate and blood glucose during the postnatal development of the pig. Journal of Nutrition 97, 311–315.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bergmeyer, H. U. & Bern't, E. (1974). D-glucose: Determination with glucose oxidase and peroxidase. In Methods of Enzymatic Analysis, 2nd ed., vol. 3, pp. 1205–1215 [Bergmeyer, H. U., editor]. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Engelhardt, W. (1966). Swine cardiovascular physiology. In Swine in Biomedical Research, pp. 307–329 [Bustad, L. K. and McClellan, R. O., editors]. Washington, USA: Battelle Memorial Institute.Google Scholar
Flecknell, P. A., Wootton, R., Royston, P. & John, M. (1988). Glucose homeostasis in the newborn. Effects of oral feeding on response to fasting and intravenous glucose infusion in neonatal piglets. Biology of the Neonate 54, 356–362.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Flynn, M. A., Hanna, F., Long, C. H., Asfour, R. Y., Lutz, R. N. & Zobrisky, S. E. (1968). Deuterium-oxide dilution as a predictor of body composition in children and pigs. In Body Composition in Animals and Man, pp. 480–491. Washington D.C.: National Academy of Sciences.Google Scholar
Friend, D. W. & Brown, R. G. (1971). Blood sampling from suckling piglets. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 51, 547–549.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Himms-Hagen, J. (1967). Sympathetic regulation of metabolism. Pharniacologicul Reviews 19, 367–461.Google ScholarPubMed
Hingerty, D. & O'Boyle, A. (1972). Clinical Chemistry of the Adrenal Medulla. Illinois, USA: Charles C. Thomas.Google Scholar
Hjelm, M. & Sjolin, S. (1966). Changes in the elimination rate from blood of intravenously injected galactose during the neonatal period. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 18, 126–131.Google Scholar
Holmes, M. A., Arthur, P. G. & Hartmann, P. E. (1990). Changes in the concentrations of glucose and galactose in the peripheral blood of sucking piglets. Journal of Dairy Research 57, 331–337.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kaempf, J. W., Battaglia, F. C. & Sparks, J. W. (1990). Galactose clearance and carbohydrate metabolism across the gastrointestinal tract in the newborn lamb. Metabolism 39, 698–703.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Katz, J., Kuwajima, M., Foster, D. W. & McGarry, J. D. (1986). The glucose paradox: new perspectives on hepatic carbohydrate metabolism. Trends in Biological Sciences 3, 135–140.Google Scholar
Kliegman, R. M. & Sparks, J. W. (1985). Perinatal galactose metabolism. Journal of Pediatrics 107, 831–841.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lodge, G. A., Sarkar, N. K. & Kramer, J. K. G. (1978). Fat deposition and fatty acid composition in the neonatal pig. Journal of Animal Science 47, 497–504.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mellor, D. J. & Cockburn, F. (1986). A comparison of energy metabolism in the newborn infant, piglet and lamb. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Physiology 71, 361–379.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mount, L. E. & Ingram, D. L. (1971). The Pig as a Laboratory Animal. London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Newstead, G. C. (1979). Serum carbohydrate levels following galactose and galactose plus glucose given to rats. Proceedings of the Nutriiion Society 38, 38A.Google ScholarPubMed
Pribylova, H., Sternova, H. & Kozlova, J. (1979). Plasma insulin, carbohydrate and free fatty acid changes in newly born infants of diabetic and non-diabetic mothers after loading with glucose, fructose and galactose. Physiologia Bohemoslovaca 36, 193–197.Google Scholar
Ramirez, C. G., Miller, E. R., Ullrey, D. E. & Hoefer, J. A. (1963). Swine hematology from birth to maturity. 3. Blood volume of the nursing pig. Journal of Animal Science 22, 1068–1074.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Seerley, R. W. & Poole, D. R. (1974). Effect of prolonged fasting on carcass composition and blood fatty acids and glucose of neonatal swine. Journal of Nutrition 104, 210–217.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Siegal, C. D., Sparks, J. W. & Battaglia, F. C. (1988). Patterns of serum glucose and galactose concentrations in term newborn infants after milk feeding. Biology of the Neonate 54, 301–306.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tygstrup, N. & Winkler, K. (1954). Kinetics of galactose elimination. Acta Physiologicu Scandinavica 32, 354–362.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Williams, C. A. & Owens, A. M. (1984). The influence of glucose on the plasma galactose response to galactose in the rat, guinea-pig and mouse. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 43, 58A.Google Scholar
Williams, C. A., Philips, T. & Macdonald, I. (1983). The influence of glucose on serum galactose levels in man. Metabolism 32, 250–256.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yeh, K. C. & Kwan, K. C. (1978). A comparison of numerical integrating algorithms by trapezoidal, lagrange and spline approximation. Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics 6, 79–98.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed