Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T14:20:06.221Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Short-term effect of whole milk and milk fermented by Pseudomonas fluorescens on plasma lipids in adult boars

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Peter Stoll ,
Andreas Gutzwiller ,
Martin Jost ,
Heiner Schneeberger ,
Robert Sieber ,
Hannes B. Staehelin ,
Christian Steffen  and
Guenther Ritzel
Peter Stoll
Affiliation:
Swiss Federal Research Station for Animal Production, CH-1725 Posieux, Switzerland
Andreas Gutzwiller
Affiliation:
Swiss Federal Research Station for Animal Production, CH-1725 Posieux, Switzerland
Martin Jost
Affiliation:
Swiss Federal Research Station for Animal Production, CH-1725 Posieux, Switzerland
Heiner Schneeberger
Affiliation:
Swiss Federal Research Station for Animal Production, CH-1725 Posieux, Switzerland
Robert Sieber
Affiliation:
Swiss Federal Research Station for Animal Production, CH-1725 Posieux, Switzerland
Hannes B. Staehelin
Affiliation:
Geriatric Clinic, University Hospital Basel, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland
Christian Steffen
Affiliation:
Swiss Federal Dairy Research Institute, CH-3097 Liebefeld, Switzerland
Guenther Ritzel
Affiliation:
Unit of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Basel, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The short-term effects of whole milk and milk fermented by Pseudomonas fluorescens, of the amino acid composition of the diet and of feeding frequency on the level of plasma lipids, were investigated in six 1-year-old adult boars. The experimental diets contained equal amounts of protein, carbohydrates, fat and cholesterol. After an adaptation period of 5 d for each experimental treatment, blood was collected at regular intervals during 48 h and plasma levels of cholesterol, triacylglycerol, high-density-lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and low-density-lipoprotein (LDL-cholesterol were examined). All variables except HDL-cholesterol showed distinct diurnal fluctuations, which were substantially influenced by feeding frequency. Variations in the amino acid composition of the experimental diets, which were within a physiological range, had no effect on the level of plasma lipids. Plasma lipid levels were significantly lower when the animals received the diets containing milk instead of the diet without milk: cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and LDL-cholesterol were reduced by 5.6, 5.8 and 10% respectively (pondered means) while HDL-cholesterol remained unaffected. Fermentation of whole milk by P. fluorescens reduced the lipid-lowering effect. Our findings suggest that the intake of diets containing milk results in a lower plasma cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol level than the intake of diets with a similar nutrient content which do not contain milk.

Keywords

Whole milkFermented milkPlasma lipidsPlasma cholesterolPig
Type
Effects of Milk on Plasma Lipids
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 66 , Issue 1 , July 1991 , pp. 129 - 138
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1991

References

REFERENCES

Agricultural Research Council (1981). The Nutrient Requirements of Pigs. Slough: Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux.Google Scholar
Chapman, M. J. & Goldstein, S. (1976). Comparison of the serum low density lipoprotein and of its apoprotein in the pig, rhesus monkey and baboon with that in man. Atherosclerosis 25, 267–291.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dull, B. J., McCarthy, R. D. & Kilara, A. (1983). The modulating effect of an inhibitor of cholesterolgenesis present in bovine milk upon the synthesis of cholesterol, dolichol and ubiquinone. Atherosclerosis 49, 231–239.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gutzwiller, A. (1988). Intravenous catheters for long-term blood collection in adult boars. Journal of Veterinary Medicine A 35, 770–774.Google ScholarPubMed
Hermus, R. J. J. (1979). Amino acid composition of dietary protein as determinant of serum cholesterol level. Var Föda. Suppl. 3. 181.Google Scholar
Hevia, P., Kari, F. W., Ulman, E. A. & Visek, W. J. (1980 a). Serum and liver lipids in growing rats fed casein with L-lysine. Journal of Nutrition 110, 1224–1230.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hevia, P., Ulman, E. A., Kari, F. W. & Visek, W. J. (1980 b). Serum lipids of rats fed excess L-lysine and different carbohydrates. Journal of Nutrition 110, 1231–1239.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Howard, A. N. (1977). Hypocholesterolaemic effect of milk. Lancet ii, 255–256.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huff, M. W. & Carroll, K. K. (1980). Effects of dietary proteins and amino acid mixtures on plasma cholesterol levels in rabbits. Journal of Nutrition 110, 1676–1685.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hussi, E., Miettinen, T. A., Ollus, A., Konstiainen, E., Ehnholm, Ch., Haglund, B., Huttunen, J. K. & Manninen, V. (1981). Lack of serum cholesterol-lowering effect of skimmed milk and butter milk under controlled conditions. Atherosclerosis 39, 267–272.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jones, G., Shahani, K. M. & Amer, M. A. (1985). The effect of acidophilus yogurt on serum cholesterol, triglyceride, and lipoprotein levels of weanling pigs. Journal of Dairy Science 68, Suppl. 1, 84.Google Scholar
Katan, M. B., Vroomen, L. H. M. & Hermus, R. J. J. (1982). Reduction of casein-induced hypercholesterolaemia and atherosclerosis in rabbits and rats by dietary glycine, arginine and alanine. Atherosclerosis 43, 381–391.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Keim, N. L., Marlett, J. A., Amundson, C. H. & Hagemann, L. D. (1982). Comparison of rat hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis during skim milk versus whey permeate ingestion. Journal of Dairy Science 65, 2274–2280.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kirk, R. E. (1982). Experimental Design, 2nd ed. Belmont, California: Brooks/Cole Publishing Co.Google Scholar
Knipping, G. M. J., Kostner, G. M. & Holasek, A. (1975). Studies on the composition of pig serum lipoproteins, isolation and characterization of different apoproteins. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 393, 88–99.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kritchevsky, D., Tepper, S. A., Morrissey, R. B., Czarnecki, S. K. & Klurfeld, D. M. (1979). Influence of whole or skim milk on cholesterol metabolism in rats. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 32, 597–600.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kritchevsky, D., Tepper, S. A. & Story, J. A. (1978). Influence of soy protein and casein on atherosclerosis in rabbits. Federation Proceedings 37, 747.Google Scholar
Lebas, F. (1987). Nutrition of rabbits. In Feeding of Non-ruminant Livestock, pp. 63–69 [Wiseman, J., editor]. London: Butterworths.Google Scholar
Levy, R. I. & Feinleib, M. (1980). Risk factors for coronary artery disease and their management. In Heart Disease, pp. 1246–1278 [raunwald, E. B., editor]. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.Google Scholar
Mann, G. V. (1977). Hypocholesterolaemic effect of milk. Lancet ii, 556.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mann, G. V. (1983). Method of producing milk factor. US Patent no. 4411916.Google Scholar
Mann, G. V. & Spoerry, A. (1974). Studies of a surfactant and cholesteremia in the Maasai. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 27, 464–469.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Micheli, H., Schucan, C. & Bachmann, C. (1982). Plasma cholesterol in four Swiss cities: relationship with alcohol and milk consumption. In Lipoproteins and Coronary Atherosclerosis, pp. 17–23 [Noseda, C.Fragiacomo, R.Fumagalli, R. and Paoletti, R., editors]. Amsterdam: Elsevier Biomedical Press B.V.Google Scholar
Nagata, Y., Tanaka, K. & Sugano, M. (1981). Further studies on the hypocholesterolaemic effect of soya-bean protein in rats. British Journal of Nutrition 45, 233–241.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Norton, S. A., Beames, C. G., Maxwell, C. V. & Morgan, G. L. (1987). Effect of dietary whey upon the serum cholesterol of the pig. Nutrition Reports International 36, 273–279.Google Scholar
Papa, C. M., McCarthy, R. D. & Kilara, A. (1982). Isolation and characterization of the non-ion-dialyzable inhibitor of hepatic cholesterolgenesis present in bovine milk. Milk Science International 37, 257–260.Google Scholar
Pulusani, S. R. & Rao, D. R. (1983). Whole body, liver and plasma cholesterol levels in rats fed thermophilus, bulgaricus and acidophilus milks. Journal of Food Science 48, 280–281.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ritzel, G. (1975). Evaluation von Ernährungserhebungen im Rahmen der Basler Studie III. (Evaluation of nutrition surveys in the Basle Study III). In Zur Ernährungssituation der schweizerischen Bevölkerung, pp. 57–82 [G. Brubacher and G. Ritzel, editors]. Bern: Hans Huber.Google Scholar
Ritzel, G., Stähelin, H. B., Gutzwiller, F., Schucan, C. & Wüthrich, P. (1981). Ernährungsverhalten, Verzehrsgewohnheiten und Massenindex in vier Schweizer Städten. (Eating habits and body mass index in four Swiss towns). Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift 111, Suppl. 12, 32–39.Google Scholar
Ritzel, G., Stähelin, H. B., Schneeberger, H., Wanner, M. & Jost, M. (1979). Serum lipids in swine fed large quantities of whey. International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 49, 419–427.Google ScholarPubMed
Rogers, A. E., Benevenga, N. J., Forbes, R. M., Nordstrom, J. W. & Wolf, G. (1978). Nutrient requirements of the laboratory rat. In Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals: Nutrient Requirements of Laboratory Animals, 3rd ed., pp. 7–37. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences.Google Scholar
Sacks, F. M., Breslow, J. L., Wood, P. G. & Kass, E. H. (1983). Lack of an effect of dairy protein (casein) and soy protein on plasma cholesterol of strict vegetarians. An experiment and a critical review. Journal of Lipid Research 24, 1012–1020.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stähelin, H. B., Oberhänsli, A., Wanner, M., Jost, M., Schneeberger, H. & Ritzel, G. (1980). Effect of whey feeding on serum lipids in swine. In Diet and Drugs in Atherosclerosis, pp. 41–46 [Noseda, G.Lewis, R. and Paoletti, R., editors]. New York: Raven Press.Google Scholar
Stähelin, H. B., Ritzel, G., Wanner, M., Jost, M. & Schneeberger, H. (1981). Hypocholesterolemic effect of milk constituents in growing swine. International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 51, 198–200.Google Scholar
Wanner, M., Stoll, P., Stähelin, H., Schneeberger, H., Jost, M., Danuser, J. & Ritzel, G. (1985). Wirkung von Milchbestandteilen auf den Lipidstoffwechsel. (Effect of milk constituents on lipid metabolism). Zeitschrift für Ernährungswissenschaft 24, 141–157.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wilson, G. D. A., Harvey, D. G. & Snook, C. R. (1972). A review of factors affecting blood biochemistry in the pig. British Veterinary Journal 128, 596–610.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed