Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-xbtfd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-13T05:02:36.017Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Thiamin status during the third trimester of pregnancy and its influence on thiamin concentrations in transition and mature breast milk

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Rosa M. Ortega ,
Rosa M. Martínez ,
Pedro Andrés ,
Lilliam Marín-Arias  and
Ana M. López-Sobaler
Rosa M. Ortega*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Nutrición, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
Rosa M. Martínez
Affiliation:
Servicio de Análisis Clínicos. Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital INSALUD, Cuenca, Spain
Pedro Andrés
Affiliation:
Laboratorio de Técnicas Instrumentales, Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
Lilliam Marín-Arias
Affiliation:
Departamento de Nutrición, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
Ana M. López-Sobaler
Affiliation:
Departamento de Nutrición, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
*
*Corresponding author: fax +34 1 3941732, Email rortega@farm.ucm.es
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Thiamin deficiency remains an important public health problem in some populations. The aim of the present investigation was to study thiamin status during the third trimester of pregnancy and its influence on the concentration of this vitamin in transition (days 13–14 of lactation) and mature breast milk (day 40 of lactation) in a group of Spanish women. The pregnancies and lactation periods of fifty-one healthy women 18–35 (mean 26·7 (sd 3·7)) years old were monitored. Vitamin intake during the third trimester was determined by recording the consumption of foods over 5 d and of the quantities provided by dietary supplements. Thiamin status during this stage of pregnancy was determined by measuring the activation coefficient of erythrocyte transketolase (α-ETK). Milk thiamin content was estimated (in 41% of the subjects) by oxidizing thiamin to thiocrome and measuring fluorescence. Subjects with thiamin intakes above that recommended (group H) had more satisfactory serum α-ETK coefficients (1·01 (sd 0·19)) than did those with lower intakes (group L) (1·21 (sd 0·30); P>0·05). Mature milk thiamin concentrations were significantly higher in group H subjects (0·59 (sd 0·44) μmol/l) than group L subjects (0·25 (sd 0·07) μmol/l). Subjects with α-ETK coefficients >1·25 in the third trimester had significantly lower mature milk thiamin concentration (0·31 (sd 0·10) μmol/l) than did subjects with more satisfactory α-ETK levels at this time (0·55 (sd 0·42) μmol/l; P>0·05). The thiamin status of women can be improved since 25·5% of subjects took less than that recommended and 13·7% showed signs of severe deficiency (α-ETK >1·25). The influence of maternal thiamin intake on α-ETK coefficients and on mature breast milk thiamin concentration is confirmed.

Keywords

Thiamin intakePregnancyLactationα-Erthythrocyte transketolaseThiamin in milk
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 92 , Issue 1 , July 2004 , pp. 129 - 135
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2004

References

1Al-Othman, AA, El-Fawaz, H, Hewedy, FM & Al-Khalifa, ASMineral and vitamin content of mature breast milk of Saudi lactating mothers. Ecol Food Nutr 1996 34, 327–336.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2Antal, M, Regöly-Mérei, A, Varsányi, H, Biró, L, Sági, K, Molnár, DV, Zajkás, G, Nagy, K, Avar, Z & Biró, GNutritional survey of pregnant women in Hungary. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 1997 67, 115–122.Google ScholarPubMed
3AOAC International Thiamine (vitamin B1) in milk-based infant formula. In Methods of Analysis for Nutrition Labeling, 541–543 [Sullivan, DM and Carpenter, DEeditors]. Arlington, VA: AOAC International. 1993Google Scholar
4Ash, SDietary intakes of pregnant women in Sydney, New South Wales. Aust J Nutr Diet 1995 52, 149–153.Google Scholar
5Ba, A, Seri, BV & Han, SHThiamine administration during chronic alcohol intake in pregnant and lactating rats: effects on the offspring neurobehavioural development. Alcohol Alcohol 1996 31, 27–40.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
6Bailey, AL, Finglas, PM, Wright, AJA & Southon, SThiamin intake, erythrocyte transketolase (EC 2.2.1.1) activity and total erythrocyte thiamin in adolescents. Br J Nutr 1994 72, 111–125.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
7Baker, H, DeAngelis, B, Holland, B, Gittens-Williams, L & Barrett, T Jr Vitamin profile of 563 gravidas during trimesters of pregnancy. J Am Coll Nutr 2002 21, 33–37.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
8Baker, H, Hockstein, S, DeAngelis, B & Holland, BKThiamin status of gravidas treated for gestational diabetes mellitus compared to their neonates at parturition. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 2000 70, 317–320.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9Benton, D, Haller, J & Fordy, JThe vitamin status of young British adults. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 1997 67, 34–40.Google ScholarPubMed
10Bernshaw, NJDoes breastfeeding protect against sudden infant death syndrome? J Hum Lact 1991 7, 73–79.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
11Bienengraber, V, Fanghanel, J, Malek, FA & Kundt, GApplication of thiamine in preventing malformations, specifically cleft alveolus and palate, during the intrauterine development of rats. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 1997 34, 318–324.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12Bohm, V, Peiker, G, Starker, A, Weske, E, Schaarmann, G, Schubert, R, Bitsch, R & Flachowsky, GVitamin B1, B2, A and E and beta-carotene content in transitional breast milk and comparative studies in maternal and umbilical cord blood. Z Ernahrungswiss 1997 36, 214–219.Google Scholar
13Borrud, LG, Krebs-Smith, SM, Friedman, L & Guenther, PMFood and nutrient intakes of pregnant and lactating women in the United States. J Nutr Educ 1993 25, 176–185.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14Committee on Nutrition Composition of human milk:normative data. In Pediatric Nutrition Handbook, 2nd ed. 363–368Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics. 1985Google Scholar
15Cox, CJ, Haberman, TM & Payne, BAEvaluation of the Coulter Counter Model S-Plus IV. Am J Clin Pathol 1985 84, 297–306.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
16Departamento de Nutrición Ingestas Diarias Recomendadas de Energía y Nutrientes para la Población Española (Recommended Energy and Nutrient Intakes for the Spanish Population). Madrid: Departamento de Nutrición. 1994Google Scholar
17Dostálova, L, Salmenperä, L, Václavinková, V, Heinz-Erian, P & Schüep, W (1988) Vitamin concentration in term milk of European mothers. In Vitamins and Minerals in Pregnancy and Lactation. Nestlé Nutrition Workshop Series, vol. 16 275–298 [Berger, H, editor]. New York: Nestec Ltd, Vevey/Raven Press.Google Scholar
18Erkkola, M, Karppinen, M, Javanainen, J, Rasanen, L, Knip, M & Virtanen, SMValidity and reproducibility of a food frequency questionnaire for pregnant Finnish women. Am J Epidemiol 2001 154, 466–476.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
19Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization Human Vitamin and Mineral Requirements. Report of a Joint FAO/WHO Expert Consultation held in Bangkok, Thailand, September, Food and Nutrition Division, 27–51. Rome: FAO. 2001Google Scholar
20Godfrey, K & Robinson, SMaternal nutrition, placental growth and fetal programming. Proc Nutr Soc 1998 57, 105–111.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
21Haste, FM, Brooke, OG, Anderson, HR & Bland, JMThe effect of nutritional intake on outcome of pregnancy in smokers and non-smokersh. Br J Nutr 1991 65, 347–354.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
22Heinze, T & Weber, WDetermination of thiamine (vitamin B1) in maternal blood during normal pregnancies and pregnancies with intrauterine growth retardation. Z Ernahrungswiss 1990 29, 39–46.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
23Holland, B, Welch, AA, Unwin, ID, Buss, DH, Paul, AA & Soutgate, DATMcCance and Widdowson's The Composition of Foods. Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry and Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. 1995Google Scholar
24Institute of Medicine Nutrition During Lactation. Subcommittee on Nutrition During Lactation, Committee on Nutritional Status during Pregnancy and Lactation, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences, 57–219. Washington DC: National Academy Press. 1991Google Scholar
25Institute of Medicine Dietary Reference Intakes. Washington, DC: Food and Nutrition Board, National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council. 2001Google Scholar
26Instituto de Nutrición Tablas de Composición de Alimentos Españoles (Spanish Food Composition Tables). Madrid: Instituto de Nutrición. 1994Google Scholar
27King, JC & Weininger, JPregnancy and lactation. Current Knowledge of Nutrition. Organización Panamericana de la Salud, Instituto Internacional de Ciencias de la Vida, 362–369. Washington, DC: ILSI-North America. 1991Google Scholar
28Ladipo, OANutrition in pregnancy: mineral and vitamin supplements. Am J Clin Nutr 2000 72, 280S–290S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
29McGready, R, Simpson, JA, Cho, T, Dubowitz, L, Changbumrung, S, Bohm, V, Munger, RG, Sauberlich, HE, White, NJ & Nosten, FPostpartum thiamine deficiency in a Karen displaced population. Am J Clin Nutr 2001 74, 808–813.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
30Ortega, RM, Andrés, P, Martínez, RM & López-Sobaler, AMVitamin A status during the third trimester of pregnancy in Spanish women: influence on concentrations of vitamin A in breast milk. Am J Clin Nutr 1997 a 66, 564–568.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
31Ortega, RM, Andrés, P, Martínez, RM, López-Sobaler, AM & Quintas, MEZinc levels in maternal milk: the influence of nutritional status with respect to zinc during the third trimester of pregnancy. Eur J Clin Nutr 1997 b 51, 253–258.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
32Ortega, RM, Gaspar, MJ & Cantero, MInfluence of maternal serum lipids and maternal diet during the third trimester of pregnancy on umbilical cord blood lipids in two populations of Spanish newborn. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 1996 66, 250–257.Google Scholar
33Ortega, RM, Gaspar, MJ & Moreiras, ODietary assessment of a pregnant Spanish women group. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 1994 64, 130–134.Google ScholarPubMed
34Ortega, RM, Martínez, RM, López-Sobaler, AM, Andrés, P & Quintas, METhe consumption of food energy and nutrients in pregnant women: differences with respect to smoking habits. Nutr Res 1998 18, 1691–1701.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
35Ortega, RM, Martínez, RM, López-Sobaler, AM, Andrés, P & Quintas, METhe influence of calcium intake on gestational hypertension. Ann Nutr Metab 1999 a 43, 37–46.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
36Ortega, RM, Quintas, ME, Andrés, P, Martínez, RM, López-Sobaler, AM & Requejo, AMZinc status of a group of pregnant Spanish women: effects on anthropometric data and Apgar scores of neonates. Nutr Res 1999 b 19, 1423–1428.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
37Patton, S, Canfield, LM, Huston, GE, Ferris, AM & Jensen, RGCarotenoids of human calostrum. Lipids 1990 25, 159–165.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
38Prentice, AM, Roberts, SB, Prentice, A, Paul, AA, Watkinson, M, Watkinson, AA & Whitehead, RGDietary supplementation of lactating Gambian women. I Effect on breast-milk volume and quality. Hum Nutr Clin Nutr 1983 37, 53–64.Google ScholarPubMed
39Ramakrishnan, U, Manjrekar, R, Rivera, J, Gonzales-Cassio, T & Martorell, RMicronutrients and pregnancy outcome: A review of the literature. Nutr Res 1999 19, 103–159.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
40Rees, JH, Ginsberg, L & Schapira, AHTwo pregnant women with vomiting and fits. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1997 177, 1539–1540.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
41Sánchez, DJ, Murphy, MM, Bosch-Sabater, J & Fernández-Ballart, JEnzymic evaluation of thiamin, riboflavin and pyridoxine status of parturient mothers and their newborn infants in a Mediterranean area of Spain. Eur J Clin Nutr 1999 53, 27–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
42Sauberlich, HELaboratory Tests for the Assessment of Nutritional Status, 2nd ed., New York: CRC Press. 1999Google Scholar
43Scherz, H & Senser, FSouci, Fachman, Kraut's Food Composition and Nutrition Tables. Stuttgart: Medpharm Scientific Publishers, CRC Press. 2000Google Scholar
44Vir, SC, Love, AH & Thompson, WThiamin status during pregnancy. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 1980 50, 131–140.Google ScholarPubMed
45Vuilleumier, JP, Keller, HE, Rettenmaier, R & Hunziker, FClinical chemical methods for the routine assessment of the vitamin status in human populations. Part II: The water-soluble vitamins B1, B2 and B6. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 1983 53, 359–370.Google ScholarPubMed
46Wonnacott, HW & Wonnacott, RJIntroductory Statistics. New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc. 1977Google Scholar
47World Health Organization (WHO) Report of a Joint FAO/WHO/ONU Expert Consultation. Methodology of Nutritional Surveillance. Technical Report Series no. 53, 20–60. Geneva: WHO. 1976Google Scholar