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Total antioxidant capacity of the diet is inversely and independently related to plasma concentration of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in adult Italian subjects

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 March 2007

Furio Brighenti ,
Silvia Valtueña ,
Nicoletta Pellegrini ,
Diego Ardigò ,
Daniele Del Rio ,
Sara Salvatore ,
PierMarco Piatti ,
Mauro Serafini  and
Ivana Zavaroni
Furio Brighenti
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
Silvia Valtueña*
Affiliation:
Department of Internal Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43 100, Parma, Italy
Nicoletta Pellegrini
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
Diego Ardigò
Affiliation:
Department of Internal Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43 100, Parma, Italy
Daniele Del Rio
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
Sara Salvatore
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
PierMarco Piatti
Affiliation:
Cardiovascular and Metabolic Rehabilitation Unit, IRCCS H. San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
Mauro Serafini
Affiliation:
Antioxidant Research Laboratory, National Institute for Food and Nutrition Research, Rome, Italy
Ivana Zavaroni
Affiliation:
Department of Internal Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43 100, Parma, Italy
*
*Corresponding author: Dr Silvia Valtueña, fax +39 0521 903271, email valtuena@libero.it
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Abstract

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Inflammation, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, is associated with low plasma levels of antioxidant vitamins. In addition to vitamins, other antioxidants modulate the synthesis of inflammatory markers in vitro and contribute to the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of a diet. However, the relationship between dietary TAC and markers of inflammation has never been evaluated in vivo. We investigated the relationship between dietary TAC and markers of systemic (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), leucocytes) and vascular (soluble intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1) inflammation in 243 non-diabetic subjects. General Linear Model (GLM) analysis showed a significant (P=0·005) inverse relationship between hs-CRP and quartiles of energy-adjusted dietary TAC, even when recognized modulating factors of inflammation, namely alcohol, fibre, vitamin C, α-tocopherol, β-carotene, BMI, waist circumference, HDL-cholesterol, hypertension, insulin sensitivity and plasma β-carotene, were included in the model as covariates (P=0·004). The relationship was stronger for subjects with hypertension (P=0·013 v. P=0·109 for normotensive individuals). Among dietary factors, TAC was significantly higher (5·3 (sd 3·0) v. 4·9 (sd 2·7) mmol Trolox/d; P=0·026) in subjects with low plasma hs-CRP (range: 0·0–4·1 mg/l) than in subjects with high plasma hs-CRP (range: 4·2–27·8 mg/l). We conclude that dietary TAC is inversely and independently correlated with plasma concentrations of hs-CRP and this could be one of the mechanisms explaining the protective effects against CVD of antioxidant-rich foods such as fruits, whole cereals and red wine. This could be of particular significance for subjects with high blood pressure.

Keywords

InflammationAntioxidantsHypertensionHigh-sensitivity C-reactive protein
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 93 , Issue 5 , May 2005 , pp. 619 - 625
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2005

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