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Urinary excretion of purine derivatives as an index of microbial protein synthesis in the camel (Camelus dromedarius)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Abdelhai Guerouali ,
Youssef El Gass ,
Joaquim Balcells ,
Alvaro Belenguer  and
John Nolan
Abdelhai Guerouali
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Physiology, Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II, PO Box 6202, Rabat, Morocco
Youssef El Gass
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Physiology, Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II, PO Box 6202, Rabat, Morocco
Joaquim Balcells*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Miguel Servet 177, Zaragoza, 50013, Spain
Alvaro Belenguer
Affiliation:
Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Miguel Servet 177, Zaragoza, 50013, Spain
John Nolan
Affiliation:
School of Rural Science and Agriculture, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
*
*Corresponding author: fax +34 976 76 15 90, email balcells@posta.unizar.es
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Abstract

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Five experiments were carried out to extend knowledge of purine metabolism in the camel (Camelus dromedarius) and to establish a model to enable microbial protein outflow from the forestomachs to be estimated from the urinary excretion of purine derivatives (PD; i.e. xanthine, hypoxanthine, uric acid, allantoin). In experiment 1, four camels were fasted for five consecutive days to enable endogenous PD excretion in urine to be determined. Total PD excretion decreased during the fasting period to 267 (se 41·5)?μmol/kg body weight (W)0·75 per d. Allantoin and xanthine+hypoxanthine were consistently 86 and 6·1?% of total urinary PD during this period but uric acid increased from 3·6?% to 7·4?%. Xanthine oxidase activity in tissues (experiment 2) was (μmol/min per g fresh tissue) 0·038 in liver and 0·005 in gut mucosa but was not detected in plasma. In experiment 3, the duodenal supply of yeast containing exogenous purines produced a linear increase in urinary PD excretion rate with the slope indicating that 0·63 was excreted in urine. After taking account of endogenous PD excretion, the relationship can be used to predict purine outflow from the rumen. From the latter prediction, and also the purine:protein ratio in bacteria determined in experiment 5, we predicted the net microbial outflow from the rumen. In experiment 4, with increasing food intake, the rate of PD excretion in the urine increased linearly by about 11·1?mmol PD/kg digestible organic matter intake (DOMI), equivalent to 95?g microbial protein/kg DOMI.

Keywords

Purine derivativesXanthine oxidaseMicrobial proteinCamels
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 92 , Issue 2 , August 2004 , pp. 225 - 232
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2004

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