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Urinary isoflavone kinetics: the effect of age, gender, food matrix and chemical composition

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Marian S. Faughnan ,
Ann Hawdon ,
Eric Ah-Singh ,
Jonathan Brown ,
D. J. Millward  and
Aedin Cassidy
Marian S. Faughnan
Affiliation:
School of Biological Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 5XH, UK
Ann Hawdon
Affiliation:
School of Biological Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 5XH, UK
Eric Ah-Singh
Affiliation:
School of Biological Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 5XH, UK
Jonathan Brown
Affiliation:
School of Biological Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 5XH, UK
D. J. Millward
Affiliation:
School of Biological Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 5XH, UK
Aedin Cassidy*
Affiliation:
School of Biological Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 5XH, UK School of Medicine, Health Policy+Practice, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ
*
*Corresponding author: Dr Aedin Cassidy, fax +44 1234 870498, email cassidyaedin@hotmail.com
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Abstract

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Urinary isoflavone excretion is used to monitor compliance and examine biological effects. The present study determined if there were alterations in urinary isoflavone excretion following the ingestion of different soya foods and if age and gender potentially modified profiles. Twenty premenopausal women, seventeen post-menopausal women and twenty men received a defined single oral bolus dose (0·44mg isoflavones/kg body weight) of soya milk, textured vegetable protein (TVP) or tempeh on three separate occasions. Baseline and four consecutive complete 24h pooled urines were collected during each period. Urinary genistein recovery was influenced by gender and food matrix. For women the urinary genistein recovery was higher following soya-milk consumption compared with TVP (P<0·05). Tempeh consumption also resulted in an increased urinary genistein recovery relative to soya milk in premenopausal women (P<0·052). No differences in urinary genistein recoveries between soya foods were observed in the men. Although urinary daidzein excretion was similar across the foods studied and was not affected by age or gender, conversion to its intestinal metabolite, equol, resulted in potential matrix and chemical composition effects; urinary equol excretion was higher (P<0·01) following tempeh ingestion among equol producers. Together these data suggest that the fractional absorption of genistein is potentially different in men and women and is influenced by the food matrix and chemical composition. Furthermore, the data suggest that the metabolism of daidzein may be altered by the chemical composition of the isoflavones ingested. Further studies are required to examine the effect of higher intake and define the relative influence of these factors in elderly population groups.

Keywords

SoyaIsoflavonesBioavailability
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 91 , Issue 4 , April 2004 , pp. 567 - 574
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2004

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