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Acaricide trials against Rhipicephalus appendiculatus Neum., Amblyomma variegatum (F.) and Boophilus decoloratus (Koch) (Ixodidae) on cattle in Uganda

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

John G. Matthysse ,
Murray H. Colbo  and
E. P. Kamya
John G. Matthysse
Affiliation:
Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, U.S.A. and Animal Health Research Centre, Entebbe, Uganda
Murray H. Colbo
Affiliation:
Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, U.S.A. and Animal Health Research Centre, Entebbe, Uganda
E. P. Kamya
Affiliation:
Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, U.S.A. and Animal Health Research Centre, Entebbe, Uganda
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Extract

Field trials were conducted to compare toxicity and residual activity on cattle of 18 acaricides against Rhipicephalus appendiculatus Neum., Amblyomma variegatum (F.), and Boophilus decoloratus (Koch). Ticks were counted one, four and seven days after the cattle were sprayed. Each of the seven experiments involved three sprayings at seven- to eight-day intervals.

Toxaphene at 0.25 per cent., included as a standard, was relatively slow acting compared to organophosphorous and carbamate acaricides, but was equal to or better than most of the new acaricides in residual activity and over-all effectiveness. Carbaryl, Mopham and toxaphene were tested at the highest concertration, 0.5 per cent., and found to have the maximum over-all effectiveness, including maximum residual activity. Nevertheless, even these treatments did not protexct cattle against tick attachment and engorgement for as long as seven days.

All acaricides tested were very effective against B. decoloratus and A. variegatum, but none completely prevented attachment of R. appendiculatus foe as long as four days, even though all were very toxic to this tick. The smallest number (1.8 per beast) of R. appendiculatus attaching in four days occurred on the cattle sprayed with 0.5 per cent. carbaryl, but by seven days after spraying there were many ticks attached and some were already partially engorged. The inference is that none of the compounds tested gave promise of prevention of tick-borne disease transmission when used on a seven-day schedule. No inference is made concerning tick-borne disease control by reduction of tick numbers on the pasture land.

Mortality among ticks on the cattle one day after treatment was greatest for 0.1 per cent. coumaphos, 0.25 per cent. Prolate, 0.05 per cent. Bayer 9053, 0.2 per cent. Geigy GS 13006, 0.2 per cent. and 0.5 percent. carbaryl, 0.1 per cent dioxathion, 0.05 per cent. Bayer 9037, 0.1 per cent. prothidathion, 0.1 per cent. Dursban, 0.2 per cent. and 0.5 per cent. Mobam, 0.025 per cent. and 0.05 percent. chlorfenvinphos, 0.2 per cent. fenitrithion and 0.1 per cent. ethion. Mortalities of 83.1 per cent. to 88.5 per cent. were given by 0.05 per cent. diazinon, 0.1 per cent. bromophos-ethyl, 0.025 per cent. Dursban, and 0.5 per cent. toxaphene. Mortality below 74 per cent. was caused by 0.25 per cent. toxaphene, 0.2 per cent. bromocyelen, and 0.1 per cent. carbophenothion.

Type
Research Paper
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 58 , Issue 3 , February 1969 , pp. 465 - 486
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1969

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