Published online by Cambridge University Press: 10 July 2009
Aneityum is the only Pacific island south of Latitude 20°S. from which Anophelines and autochthonous malaria have yet been reported. Both Plasmodium vivax and P. malariae were found there, the former species only being detected in the blood of children who had visited the nearby island of Tanna and the latter in that of children who had never left Aneityum. Autochthonous quartan malaria has not previously been reported from the New Hebrides. In the absence of any other Anophelines from this group, it must be assumed that Anopheles farauti Laveran is the vector of P. malariae at Aneityum.