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Coinfection by Trypanosoma cruzi and a fungal pathogen increases survival of Chagasic bugs: advice against a fungal control strategy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 November 2019

A. Laura Flores-Villegas ,
Margarita Cabrera-Bravo ,
José A. De Fuentes-Vicente ,
J. Guillermo Jiménez-Cortés ,
Paz María Salazar-Schettino ,
Martha Irene Bucio-Torres  and
Alex Córdoba-Aguilar Open the ORCID record for Alex Córdoba-Aguilar [Opens in a new window]
A. Laura Flores-Villegas
Affiliation:
Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
Margarita Cabrera-Bravo*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
José A. De Fuentes-Vicente
Affiliation:
Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Libramiento Norte Poniente 1150, CP 29029. Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico
J. Guillermo Jiménez-Cortés
Affiliation:
Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo. P. 70-275, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Coyoacán, Mexico City, Mexico
Paz María Salazar-Schettino
Affiliation:
Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
Martha Irene Bucio-Torres
Affiliation:
Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
Alex Córdoba-Aguilar*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo. P. 70-275, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Coyoacán, Mexico City, Mexico
*
Author for correspondence: Margarita Cabrera-Bravo, E-mail: imay@unam.mx; Alex Córdoba-Aguilar, E-mail: acordoba@iecologia.unam.mx
Author for correspondence: Margarita Cabrera-Bravo, E-mail: imay@unam.mx; Alex Córdoba-Aguilar, E-mail: acordoba@iecologia.unam.mx
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Abstract

Triatomine bugs carry the parasitic protozoa Trypanosoma cruzi, the causal agent of Chagas disease. It is known that both the parasite and entomopathogenic fungi can decrease bug survival, but the combined effect of both pathogens is not known, which is relevant for biological control purposes. Herein, the survival of the triatomine Meccus pallidipennis (Stal, 1872) was compared when it was coinfected with the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) and T. cruzi, and when both pathogens acted separately. The immune response of the insect was also studied, using phenoloxidase activity in the bug gut and hemolymph, to understand our survival results. Contrary to expectations, triatomine survival was higher in multiple than in single challenges, even though the immune response was lower in cases of multiple infection. We postulate that T. cruzi exerts a protective effect and/or that the insect reduced the resources allocated to defend itself against both pathogens. Based on the present results, the use of M. anisopliae as a control agent should be re-considered.

Keywords

BiocontrolMeccus pallidipennisMetarhizium anisopliaemultiple infectionTrypanosoma cruzi
Type
Research Paper
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 110 , Issue 3 , June 2020 , pp. 363 - 369
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019

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