Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-lj6df Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-13T03:26:09.355Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Distinguishing the females of Phlebotomus (Synphlebotomus) martini and P. (S.) celiae (Diptera: Phlebotominae), vectors of visceral leishmaniasis in southern Ethiopia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

T. Gebre-Michael  and
R. P. Lane
T. Gebre-Michael
Affiliation:
Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Department of Entomology, The Natural History Museum, London, SW7 5BD, UK
R. P. Lane*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, The Natural History Museum, London, SW7 5BD, UK
*
Department of Entomology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The inability to distinguish the females of East African Synphlebotomus spp. (P. martini Parrot, P. vansomerenae Heisch, Guggisberg & Teesdale and P. celiae Minter) was a major constraint on epidemiological studies of visceral leishma niasis (VL) in the region. An intensive morphometric study of two sympatric Synphlebotomus spp. (P. martini and P. celiae) in a VL focus of southern Ethiopia based on both isofemale broods and wild-caught parent specimens (identified by their male progenies) showed that laboratory-bred females were separable by eight morphological characters, but only two (labrum length and labrum length/wing length ratio) successfully distinguished the wild-caught parent females of the two species; the latter were used to identify wild-caught Synphlebotomus females from southern Ethiopia (Aba Roba) during subsequent epidemiological studies. A further difference between the two species was seen in the length of the spermathecal ducts.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 83 , Issue 3 , September 1993 , pp. 353 - 360
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ayele, T. & Ali, A. (1984) The distribution of visceral leishmaniais in Ethiopia. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 33, 548–552.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Basimike, M. & Mutinga, M.J. (1990) Temperature and moisture content of soils of termite mounds and animal burrows in relation to relative abundance of adult phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Marigat semiarid area, Baringo District, Kenya,. Environmental Entomolgy 19, 487–489.Google Scholar
Chance, M.L., Schnur, L.F., Thomas, S.C. & Peters, W. (1978) The biochemical and serological taxonomy of Leishmania from the Aethiopian zoogeographical region of Africa. Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology 72, 533–542.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Davidson, I.H. (1982) A new species of the subgenus Synphlebotomus of Phlebotomus (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) from Zimbabwe. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Zoologie 69, 145–149.Google Scholar
Davidson, I.H. (1987) A morphological study of phlebtomine sand-flies and their role in the transmission of human leishmaniasis, with special reference to Namibia. M.Sc dissertation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Witwatersand, Johannesburg.Google Scholar
Gebre-Michael, T. & Lane, R.P. (1991) Scanning electron microscopy of eggs of Phlebotomus (Synphlebotomus) martini and P. (Syn.) celiae (Diptera: Phlebotominae). Parassitologia 33 (Suppl. 1), 261–266.Google ScholarPubMed
Gebre-Michael, T., Mutinga, M.J., Ayele, T., Gemetchu, T., Hailu, A. & Ali, A. (1986) Visceral leishmaniasis in Ethiopia: a preliminary observation on the phlebotomine sandfly fauna of the Segen Valley, south-west Ethiopia. Institute of Pathobiology research Report No. 2, 7–13.Google Scholar
Heisch, R.B., Wijers, D.J.B & Minter, D.M. (1962) In pursuit of the vector of kalaazar in Kenya. British Medical Journal 1, 1456–1458.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Herzi, A.A. (1987) Studies on phlebotomine sandflies of Somalia. M.Sc dissertation, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of London.Google Scholar
Killick-Kendrick, R., Leaney, A.J. & Ready, P.D. (1977) The establishment, maintenance and productivity of a laboratory colony of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae). Journal of Medical Entomology 13, 429–440.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Klowden, M.J., Blackmer, J.L. & Chambers, G.M. (1988) Effects of larval nutrition on the host-seeking behaviour of adult Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 4, 73–75.Google ScholarPubMed
Lane, R.P. (1988) Geographic variation in Old World phlebotomine sandflies. pp. 77–90in Service, M.W. (Ed.) Biosystematics of haematophagus insects. Oxford, Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Lane, R.P. & Ready, P.D. (1985) Multivariate discrimination between Lutzomyia wellcomei, a vector of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, and Lu. complexus (Diptera: Phlebotominae). Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 79, 469–472.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lawyer, P., Githure, J., Mebrahtu, Y., Perkins, P., Muigai, R. & Leeuwenburg, J. (1989) Leishmaniasis research in Kenya: parasite-vector-host associations. pp. 189–204in Hart, D.T. (Ed.) Leishmaniasis-the current status and new strategies for control. New York & London, Plenum Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Léger, N., Pesson, B., Madulo-Leblond, G. & Abonnenc, E. (1983) Sur la différentiation des femelles du sous-genere Larroussius Nitzulescu, 1931 (Diptera-Phlebotomidae) de la région méditerranéene. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparée 58, 611–623.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewis, D.J. (1973) Phlebotomidae and Psychodidae (sandflies and mothflies). pp. 155–177in Smith, K.G.V. (Ed.) Insects and other arthropods of medical importance London, British Museum (Natural History).Google Scholar
Lewis, D.J. (1982) A taxonomic review of the genus Phlebotomus (Diptera: Psychodidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Ent.) 45, 121–209.Google Scholar
Lewis, D.J. & Macfarlane, D. (1981) The mites of phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae). pp. 177–183in Canning, E.U. (Ed.) Parasitological topics. Society of Protozoologists, Special publication.Google Scholar
Modi, G.B. & Tesh, R.B. (1983) A simple technique for mass rearing Lutzomyia longipalpis and Phlebotomus papatasi (Diptera: Psychodidae) in the laboratory. Journal of Medical Entomology 20, 568–569.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Minter, D.M. (1963) Studies on the vector of kala-azar in Kenya. III. Distributional evidence. Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology 57, 19–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Minter, D.M. (1964) Seasonal changes in populations of phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera, Psychodidae) in Kenya. Bulletin of Entomological Research 55, 421–435.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Minter, D.M. & Wijers, D.J.B. (1963) Studies on the vector of Kala-azar. IV. Experimental evidence. Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology 57, 24–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parrot, L. (1936) Notes sur les phlébotomes. XVII. Phlébotomes d'Ethiopie. Archives de l'Institut Pasteur d'Algérie 14, 30–47.Google Scholar
Perkins, P.V., Githure, J.I., Mebrahtu, Y., Kiilu, G., Anjili, C., Ngumbi, P.S., Nzovu, J., Oster, C.N., Whitmire, R.E., Leeuwenberg, J., Hendricks, L.D. & Koech, D.K. (1988) Isolation of Leishmania donovani from Phlebotomus martini in Baringo District, Kenya. Transaction of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 82, 695–700.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schmidt, M.L. & Schmidt, J.R. (1963) A morphological study of Phlebotomus papatasi from Egypt (Diptera: Psychodidae) Annals of the Entomological Society of America 56, 567–573.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Titmus, G. & Badcock, R.M. (1981) A morphometric study of the effects of a mermithid parasite on its host, the chironomid midge Einfeldia dissidens (Walker) (Diptera). Zeitschrift für Parasitenkunde 65, 353–357.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Warburg, A. (1991) Entomophathogens of Phlebotomine sandflies: laboratory experiments and natural infections. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 58, 189–202.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wijers, D.J.B & Minter, D.M. (1962) Studies on the vector of Kala-azar in Kenya. I. Entomological evidence. Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parsitology, 56, 462–472.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Young, D.G. and Lewis, D.J. (1977) Pathogens of Psychodidae (Phlebotomine sandflies). Bulletin of World Health Organization 55 (Suppl.), 9–24.Google Scholar