Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gbm5v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T10:56:42.707Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The effect of irradiation and mass rearing on the anti-predator behaviour of the Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 December 2013

D. Rao ,
S. Aguilar-Argüello ,
P. Montoya  and
F. Díaz-Fleischer
D. Rao*
Affiliation:
Inbioteca, Universidad Veracruzana, Av. de las Culturas Veracruzanas, No.101, Col. E. Zapata, C.P. 91090, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
S. Aguilar-Argüello
Affiliation:
Inbioteca, Universidad Veracruzana, Av. de las Culturas Veracruzanas, No.101, Col. E. Zapata, C.P. 91090, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
P. Montoya
Affiliation:
Programa Moscafrut SAGARPA-IICA, Camino a los Cacahotales S/N, C. P. 30860 Metapa de Domínguez, Chiapas, México
F. Díaz-Fleischer
Affiliation:
Inbioteca, Universidad Veracruzana, Av. de las Culturas Veracruzanas, No.101, Col. E. Zapata, C.P. 91090, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
*
*Author for correspondence Phone: +52 228 8422773 Fax: +52 228 8422773 E-mail: dinrao@gmail.com
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are major pests worldwide. The sterile insect technique, where millions of flies are reared, sterilized by irradiation and then released, is one of the most successful and ecologically friendly methods of controlling populations of these pests. The mating behaviour of irradiated and non-irradiated flies has been compared in earlier studies, but there has been little attention paid to the anti-predator behaviour of mass-reared flies, especially with respect to wild flies. Tephritid flies perform a supination display to their jumping spider predators in order to deter attacks. In this study, we evaluated the possibility of using this display to determine the anti-predator capabilities of mass-reared irradiated, non-irradiated flies, and wild flies. We used an arena setup and observed bouts between jumping spiders (Phidippus audax Hentz) and male Mexican fruit flies (Anastrepha ludens Loew). We show that although all flies performed a supination display to their predator, wild flies were more likely to perform a display and were significantly more successful in avoiding attack than mass-reared flies. We suggest that this interaction can be used to develop a rapid realistic method of quality control in evaluating anti-predator abilities of mass-reared fruit flies.

Keywords

salticidaesupinationpredator–prey interactionsterile insect technique
Type
Research Paper
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 104 , Issue 2 , April 2014 , pp. 176 - 181
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aluja, M., Piñero, J., Jácome, I., Díaz-Fleischer, F. & Sivinski, J. (2000) Behaviour of flies in the genus Anastrepha (Trypteinae: Toxotrypanini). pp. 375–408 in Aluja, M. & Norrbom, A.L. (Eds) Fruit Flies (Tephritidae): Phylogeny and Evolution of Behavior. Boca Raton, USA, CRC Press.Google Scholar
Boller, E.F. & Calkins, C.O. (1984) Measuring, monitoring and improving the quality of mass-reared Mediterranean fruit flies, Ceratitis capitata (Wied.). Zeitschrift Fur Angewandte Entomologie 98, 1–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Briceño, R., Ramos, D. & Eberhard, W. (1999) Aggressive behaviour in medflies (Ceratitis capitata) and its modification by mass rearing (Diptera: Tephritidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 1, 17–27.Google Scholar
Briceño, R.D., Hernández, M.D.R., Orozco, D., & Hanson, P. (2009). Acoustic courtship songs in males of the fruit fly Anastrepha ludens (Diptera: Tephritidae) associated with geography, mass rearing and courtship success. Revista de Biología Tropical 57, 257–265.Google Scholar
Cayol, J.P. (2000) Changes in sexual behaviour and life history traits of Tephritid species caused by mass-rearing processes. pp. 843–860 in Aluja, M. & Norrbom, A.L. (Eds) Fruit Flies (Tephritidae): Phylogeny and Evolution of Behavior. Boca Raton, USA, CRC Press.Google Scholar
Dial, K.P. & Vaughan, T.A. (1987) Opportunistic predation on alate termites in Kenya. Biotropica 19, 185–187.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dominguez, J., Artiaga-Lopez, T., Solis, E. & Hernandez, E. (2010) Métodos de Colinización y Cría Masiva. pp. 259–276 in Montoya, P., Toledo, J. & Hernandez, E. (Eds) Moscas de la Fruta: Fundamemtos y Procedimientos para su Manejo. México, DF, S y G Editores.Google Scholar
Dyck, V.A., Hendrichs, J. & Robinson, A.S. (2006) Sterile Insect Technique: Principles and Practice in Area-Wide Integrated Pest Management. Dodrecht, Netherlands, Springer.Google Scholar
Eberhard, W.G. (2000) Sexual behaviour and sexual selection in the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Dacinae: Ceratitidini). pp. 459–490 in Aluja, M. & Norrbom, A.L. (Eds) Fruit Flies (Tephritidae): Phylogeny and Evolution of Behavior. Boca Raton, USA, CRC Press.Google Scholar
FAO/IAEA/USDA (2003) Manual for Product Quality Control and Shipping Procedures for Sterile Mass-Reared Tephritid Fruit Flies. Vienna, Austria, International Atomic Energy Agency.Google Scholar
Fellows, I. (2012). Deducer: a data analysis GUI for R. Journal of Statistical Software 49, 1–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Foelix, R.F. (1996) Biology of Spiders. New York, Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Foote, R.H., Blanc, F.L. & Norrbom, A.L. (1993) Handbook of the Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) of America North of Mexico. New York, Cornell University.Google Scholar
Greene, E., Orsak, L. & Whitman, D. (1987) A Tephritid fly mimics the territorial displays of its jumping spider predators. Science 236, 310–312.Google Scholar
Hasson, O. (1995) A fly in spider's clothing: what size the spider? Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 261, 223–226.Google Scholar
Headrick, D.H. & Goeden, R.D. (1994) Reproductive behaviour of California fruit flies and the classification and evolution of Tephritidae (Diptera) mating systems. Studia Dipterologica 1, 194–252.Google Scholar
Hendrichs, J., Vreysen, M.B., Enkerlin, W.R. & Cayol, J.P. (2005) Strategic options in using sterile insects for area-wide integrated pest management. pp. 563–596 in Dyck, V.A., Hendrichs, J. & Robinson, A.S. (Eds), Sterile Insect Technique: Principles and Practice in Area-Wide Integrated Pest Management. Dordrecht, Netherlands, Springer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hendrichs, M.A., Wornoayporn, V., Katsoyannos, B. & Hendrichs, J. (2007) Quality control method to measure predator evasion in wild and mass-reared Mediterranean Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae). Florida Entomologist 90, 64–70.Google Scholar
Herberstein, M.E. & Hebets, E. (2013) Why are spiders good models for research? pp. 230–251 in Penney, D. (Ed.), Spider Research in the 21st Century: Trends and Perspectives. UK, Siri Scientific Press.Google Scholar
Kuriwada, T., Kumano, N., Shiromoto, K. & Haraguchi, D. (2010) Effect of irradiation on death-feigning behaviour in the male Sweetpotato Weevil Cylas formicarius (Coleoptera: Blentidae). Florida Entomologist 93, 39–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lima, S.L. (2002) Putting predators back into behavioural predator-prey interactions. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 17, 70–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mankin, R.W., Lemon, M., Harmer, A.M.T., Evans, C.S. & Taylor, P.W. (2008) Time-Pattern and Frequency analyses of sounds produced by Irradiated and Untreated male Bactrocera tryoni (Diptera: Tephritidae) during mating behaviour. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 101, 664–674.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Monzó, C., Sabater-Muñoz, B., Urbaneja, A. & Castañera, P. (2009) Tracking medfly predation by the wolf spider, Pardosa cribata Simon, in citrus orchards using PCR-based gut-content analysis. Bulletin of Entomological Research 100, 145–152.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pérez-Staples, D., Shelly, T.E. & Yuval, B. (2013). Female mating failure and the failure of ‘mating’ in sterile insect programs. Entomologia Experimentalis Et Applicata 146, 66–78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Platnick, N. (2014) The world spider catalog, version 14. American Museum of Natural History, online at http://research.amnh.org/entomology/spiders/catalog/index.html.Google Scholar
Prokopy, R.J. & Papaj, D.R. (2000) Behaviour of Flies of the Genera Rhagoletis, Zonosemata, and Carpomya (Trypetinae: Carpomyina). pp. 219–252 in Aluja, M. & Norrbom, A.L. (Eds) Fruit Flies (Tephritidae): Phylogeny and Evolution of Behavior. Boca Raton, USA, CRC Press.Google Scholar
R Core Team (2012). R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. Vienna, Austria, R Foundation for Statistical Computing. ISBN 3-900051-07-0, URL http://www.R-project.org/.Google Scholar
Rao, D. & Díaz-Fleischer, F. (2012) Characterisation of predator-directed displays in Tephritid flies. Ethology 118, 1165–1172.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Riechert, S. & Lockley, T. (1984) Spiders as biological control agents. Annual Review of Entomology 29, 299–320.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robinson, A.S., Cayol, J.P. & Hendrichs, J. (2002) Recent findings on Medfly sexual behaviour: implications for SIT. Florida Entomologist 85, 171–181.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Welch, J. (1993) Predation by spiders on ground-released screwworm flies, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in a mountainous area of southern Mexico. Journal of Arachnology 21, 3–28.Google Scholar
Yuval, B. & Hendrichs, J. (2000) Behaviour of flies in the Genus Ceratitis (Dacinae: Ceratitidini). pp. 429–458 in Aluja, M. & Norrbom, A.L. (Eds) Fruit Flies (Tephritidae): Phylogeny and Evolution of Behavior. Boca Raton, USA, CRC Press.Google Scholar