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Field infestation, life history and demographic parameters of the fruit fly Bactrocera invadens (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Africa

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

S. Ekesi ,
P.W. Nderitu  and
I. Rwomushana
S. Ekesi*
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, PO Box 30772-00100 GPO, Nairobi, Kenya
P.W. Nderitu
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, PO Box 30772-00100 GPO, Nairobi, Kenya
I. Rwomushana
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, PO Box 30772-00100 GPO, Nairobi, Kenya
*
*Fax: +254 20 863 2001 E-mail: sekesi@icipe.org
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Abstract

Field infestation rates of an invasive fruit fly species, Bactrocera invadens Drew Tsuruta & White on mango was determined at different localities in Kenya. At most of the locations and especially at low elevations, B. invadens frequently shared the same fruit with the indigenous fruit fly species Ceratitis cosyra (Walker) but often occurred at higher numbers than C. cosyra. The level of infestation varied with location ranging from 3.0 to 97.2 flies per kg of fruit. There was a significant inverse relationship between numbers of flies per kg of fruit and elevation at which fruit was collected, suggesting that B. invadens is a predominantly lowland pest. On an artificial diet, development of B. invadens immatures lasted 25 days; egg incubation required 1.2 days, larval development 11.1 days and puparia-adult development 12.4 days. About 55% of eggs developed to the adult stage. Life expectancy at pupal eclosion was 75.1 days in females and 86.4 days in males. Average net fecundity and net fertility were 794.6 and 608.1 eggs, respectively, while average daily oviposition was 18.2 eggs. Daily population increase was 11% and mean generation time was 31 days. Results are discussed in relation to the biology and ecology of the insect and in the development of mass rearing and control measures for B. invadens.

Keywords

Bactrocera invadensCeratitis cosyramangofield infestationelevationlife historydemographic parameters
Type
Research Article
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 96 , Issue 4 , August 2006 , pp. 379 - 386
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2006

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