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Impact of temperature on development and reproduction of the olive black scale Saissetia oleae (Olivier) (Hemiptera: Coccidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 March 2025

Mohamed El Aalaoui Open the ORCID record for Mohamed El Aalaoui [Opens in a new window] ,
Fouad Mokrini  and
Mohamed Sbaghi
Mohamed El Aalaoui*
Affiliation:
National Institute of Agricultural Research, Rabat, Morocco
Fouad Mokrini
Affiliation:
National Institute of Agricultural Research, Rabat, Morocco
Mohamed Sbaghi
Affiliation:
National Institute of Agricultural Research, Rabat, Morocco
*
Corresponding author: Mohamed El Aalaoui; Email: mohamedelaalaoui@gmail.com
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Abstract

The olive black scale, Saissetia oleae (Olivier), is a significant pest of olive crops worldwide. The developmental, reproductive, and population growth parameters of S. oleae were evaluated under five constant temperature conditions (18°C to 33°C). Developmental durations significantly decreased with increasing temperatures. Female lifespan decreased from 161.6 days at 18°C to 104.3 days at 33°C, while male lifespan decreased from 96.8 days at 18°C to 49.4 days at 33°C. The highest sex ratio (proportion of females) of 0.35 was observed at 30°C, with pre-adult survival rates of 63%, while survival rates dropped to 28% at 18°C. Parthenogenesis was not observed in females. The total pre-oviposition and post-oviposition periods decreased with increasing temperature, with the longest oviposition period at 33°C (49.6 days). Maximum fecundity was recorded at 33°C (379.0 eggs/female), followed by 30°C (298.6 eggs/female), and decreased sharply at 18°C (90.1 eggs/female). The intrinsic rate of increase (r) was highest at 30 and 33°C (0.038 d⁻1), while the net reproductive rate (R0) peaked at 30°C (104.5 offspring/female). The predicted fecundity of the next generation showed significant potential growth at 27 and 30°C, with the population increasing 65.3 times at 30°C and 39.4 times at 27°C. The developmental threshold for S. oleae was highest for first-instar nymphs (7.58°C), while second-instar nymphs had lower thresholds (1.09–1.65°C), with total pre-adult development requiring 1250 degree-days for both males and females. These findings underscore the significant impact of temperature on the development and reproduction of S. oleae, with implications for pest management in olive orchards.

Keywords

developmentfecunditypest managementSaissetia oleaetemperature
Type
Research Paper
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , First View , pp. 1 - 12
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© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press.

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