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Insecticide-treated cattle for controlling tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae): some questions answered, many posed

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

G.A. Vale ,
G. Mutika  and
D.F. Lovemore
G.A. Vale*
Affiliation:
Regional Tsetse and Trypanosomosis Control Programme, PO Box A560, Avondale, Harare, Zimbabwe
G. Mutika
Affiliation:
Tsetse and Trypanosomosis Control Branch, Department of Veterinary Services, PO Box CY52, Zimbabwe
D.F. Lovemore
Affiliation:
Regional Tsetse and Trypanosomosis Control Programme, PO Box A560, Avondale, Harare, Zimbabwe
*
*93 The Chase, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe E-mail: gvale@healthnet.zw
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Abstract

Bioassays in Zimbabwe with wild-caught Glossina pallidipes Austen and G. morsitans morsitans Westwood showed that formulations of deltamethrin (Decatix, SpotOn and an experimental variant of SpotOn), alphacypermethrin (Renegade) and cyfluthrin (Cylence) applied to oxen at the manufacturers' recommended doses gave knockdowns above 50% for 5–24 days in hot months and 24–55 days at cooler seasons. Within these periods, the average knockdowns were 77–86% with deltamethrin, 74% with alphacypermethrin and 59% with cyfluthrin. None of the insecticides affected the numbers of tsetse attracted to oxen from a distance, the proportion of tsetse that engorged, and the alighting responses on cloth screens. In the hot season most tsetse engorged on the belly. At other times the front legs were preferred, especially in the wet season and for a few months after. Chemical assays indicated that insecticide persisted at greatest concentration on the backs of oxen and least on the legs. Modelling the experimental data suggested that 4–21 annual applications of insecticide in areas >1000 km2 would give good control at least 10 km from the invasion source if the treated cattle contributed at least 50% of tsetse diet. No treatment regime under any diet conditions would give good control near an invasion front. Insecticide at concentrations up to 0.15 ppm occurred in dung from treated oxen for up 12 days post-treatment. Dead beetles occurred in and near fresh dung.

Type
Research Article
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 89 , Issue 6 , December 1999 , pp. 569 - 578
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1999

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