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Irradiation influence on the phenoloxidase pathway and an anti-oxidant defense mechanism in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its implication in radio-genetic ‘F1 sterility’ and biorational pest suppression tactics

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2017

B. Sachdev ,
Z. Khan ,
M. Zarin ,
P. Malhotra ,
R.K. Seth  and
R.K. Bhatnagar
B. Sachdev
Affiliation:
International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi-110067, India
Z. Khan
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
M. Zarin
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
P. Malhotra
Affiliation:
International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi-110067, India
R.K. Seth*
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
R.K. Bhatnagar*
Affiliation:
International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi-110067, India
*
*Author for correspondence Tel: +91 11 2674 1358; +91 11 27666564 Fax: + 91 11 2674 2316; + 91 11 27666564 E-mail: raj@icgeb.res.in; rkseth57@gmail.com
*Author for correspondence Tel: +91 11 2674 1358; +91 11 27666564 Fax: + 91 11 2674 2316; + 91 11 27666564 E-mail: raj@icgeb.res.in; rkseth57@gmail.com
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Abstract

The present study was conducted to appraise the ontogenic radio-sensitivity of a serious tropical pest, Spodoptera litura (Fabr.). The molecular responses pertaining to the phenoloxidase (PO) pathway and an anti-oxidant defense mechanism were evaluated in order to understand its implication in pest control at pre-harvest and post-harvest intervals. Irradiation exhibited an inverse relationship with age with respect to impact on developmental and transcriptional responses. Transcript abundance of PO cascade enzymes, prophenoloxidase (slppo-2), its activating enzyme (slppae-1) and free-radical scavenging enzymes, superoxide dismutase (slsod) and catalase (slcat) was evaluated upon gamma irradiation alone and the dual-stress of radiation plus microbial challenge. The slppo-2, slppae-1, slsod and slcat transcripts were significantly up-regulated in F1 L6 larvae (6th-instar) resulting from 100 Gy sub-sterilized male adults and unirradiated female moths. The extent of upregulation was relatively higher in comparison with L6 survivors (6th-instar larvae) developed from irradiated neonates (L1) treated with 100 Gy. Upon Photorhabdus challenge, the transcripts were down-regulated in irradiated L1 suggesting increased larval susceptibility to bacterial infections. Radioresistance increased with the age of the insect, and molecular responses (transcript abundance) of insect defense mechanism were less influenced when older age (F1 progeny) were irradiated. These findings will help to optimize the gamma dose to be employed in inherited sterility technique for (pre-harvest) pest suppression and (post-harvest) phytosanitation and quarantine, and suggest compatible integration of biorational tactics including nuclear technology.

Keywords

Gamma radiationF1 sterilityphenoloxidase pathwayscavenging enzymesSpodoptera litura
Type
Research Papers
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 107 , Issue 3 , June 2017 , pp. 281 - 293
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Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

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