Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-hc48f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T07:06:49.076Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Olfactory perception of live hosts and carbon dioxide by the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans orientalis Vanderplank

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

D. A. Turner
D. A. Turner
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WCIE 7HT
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Laboratory investigations of olfactory perception in the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans orientalis Vanderplank, were carried out by measuring the modulation of the spontaneous rate of activity by sudden olfactory stimulation. Marked responses were obtained to emanations from guinea-pig, chick, crocodile and the human hand and forearm. Emanations from human skin despite the absence of expired carbon dioxide induced a strong response compared to the other host types. The stimulus was removed by rinsing the skin with acetone solvent. Air passed over material impregnated with human sweat and odour was ineffective. Responses to guinea-pig odour and guinea-pig expired air were approximately equal. Carbon dioxide was the important factor in expired air. The quantitative relationship between stimulus and response was non-linear, responses increasing with approximately exponential increases in stimulus intensity. The existence of an airborne sexual stimulus could not be demonstrated.

Type
Research Paper
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 61 , Issue 1 , October 1971 , pp. 75 - 96
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1971

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

De Azevedo, J. F. & Pinhao, R. da C. (1964). The maintenance of a laboratory colony of Glossina morsitans since 1959.—Bull. Wld Hlth Org. 31, 835–841.Google ScholarPubMed
Brady, J. (1970). Characteristics of spontaneous activity in tsetse flies.—Nature, Lond. 228, 286–287.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brouwer, R. (1960). The attraction of carbon dioxide excreted by the skin of the arm for malaria mosquitoes.—Trop. geogr. Med. 12, 62–66.Google ScholarPubMed
Bursell, E. (1961). The behaviour of tsetse flies (Glossina swynnertoni Austen) in relation to problems of sampling.—Proc. R. ent. Soc. Lond. (A) 36, 9–20.Google Scholar
Buxton, P. A. (1955). The natural history of tsetse flies. An account of the biology of the genus Glossina (Diptera).—Mem. Lond. Sch. Hyg. trop. Med. no. 10, 816 pp.Google Scholar
Chapman, R. F. (1961). Some experiments to determine the methods used in host-finding by the tsetse fly, Glossina medicorum Austen.—Bull. ent. Res. 52, 83–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chorley, C. W. (1933). Traps for tsetse-flies of the ‘Crinoline’ and ‘Ventilator’ forms.—Bull. ent. Res. 24, 315–320.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chorley, T. W. (1948). Glossina paliidipes Austen attracted by the scent of cattle-dung and urine (Diptera).—Proc. R. ent. Soc. Lond. (A) 23, 9–11.Google Scholar
Dame, D. A., Birkenmayer, D. R. & Bursell, E. (1969). Development of the thoracic muscle and flight behaviour of Glossina morsitans orientalis Vanderplank.—Bull. ent. Res. 59, 345–350.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dean, G. J. W., Clements, S. A. & Paget, J. (1969). Observations on sex attraction and mating behaviour of the tsetse fly, Glossina morsitans orientalis Vanderplank.—Bull. ent. Res. 59, 355–365.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dethier, V. G. (1954). Notes on the biting response of tsetse flies.—Am. J. trop. Med. Hyg. 3, 160–171.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fuller, C. & Mossop, M. C. (1929). Entomological notes on Glossina pallidipes.—Union S. Afr. Dep. Agric. Sci. Bull. 67, 27 pp.Google Scholar
Harris, R. H. T. P. (1938). The control and possible extermination of the tsetse by trapping.—Acta Conv. ter. trop. Malar. Morb. 1, 663–677.Google Scholar
Hughes, J. C. (1957). Olfactory stimulation of tsetse flies and blowflies.—Bull. ent. Res. 48, 561–579.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johns, D. L. (1959). Laboratory studies on olfaction in Glossina. A. Tryp. Res. Org. Ann. Rep. 1958, 36–37.Google Scholar
Jordan, A. M., Nash, T. A. M. & Boyle, J. A. (1967). The rearing of Glossina austeni Newst. with lopeared rabbits as hosts. I. Efficacy of the method.—Ann. trop. Med. Parasit. 61, 182–188.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kellogg, F. E. (1970). Water vapour and carbon dioxide receptors in Aedes aegypti.—J. Insect Physiol. 16, 99–108.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Langridge, W. P. (1960). Scent attractants for tsetse flies. In International Scientific Committee for Trypanosomiasis Research. 8th Meeting, Jos,19–23 July 1960.—321 pp. Publ. no. 62. London,Commission for Technical Co-operation in Africa South of the Sahara.Google Scholar
Mayer, M. S. & James, J. D. (1969). Attraction of Aedes aegypti (L.): responses to human arms, carbon dioxide, and air currents in a new type of olfactometer.—Bull. ent. Res. 58, 629–642.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morris, K. R. S. & Molulls, M. G. (1949). The use of traps against tsetse in West Africa.—Bull. ent. Res. 39, 491–528.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Napier-Bax, S. N. (1937). The senses of smell and sight in Glossina swynnertoni.—Bull. ent. Res. 28, 539–586.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nash, T. A. M. (1930). A contribution to our knowledge of the bionomics of Glossina morsitans.—Bull. ent. Res. 21, 201–256.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nash, T. A. M., Jordan, A. M. & Boyle, J. A. (1966). A promising method for rearing Glossina austeni (Newst.) on a small scale, based on the use of rabbits' ears for feeding.—Trans. R. Soc. trop. Hyg. 60, 183–188.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nash, T. A. M., Jordan, A. M. & Boyle, J. A. (1968). The large-scale rearing of Glossina austeni Newst. in the laboratory. IV. The final technique.—Ann. trop. Med. Parasit. 62, 336–341.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Park, P. O. (1966). Tsetse attractants derived from pig-hair scrapings.—6 pp. Arusha. Trop. Pest. Res. Inst. Misc. Rep. no. 537.Google Scholar
Persoons, C. J. (1966). Trapping G. pallidipes and G. palpalis fuscipes in scented traps. In International Scientific Council for Trypanosomiasis Research. 11th Meeting,Nairobi;31 October–4 November 1966.—191 pp. Publ. no. 100. Lagos, Organisation of African Unity, Scientific, Technical and Research Commission.Google Scholar
Rennison, B. D. & Robertson, D. H. H. (1959). The use of carbon dioxide as an attractant for catching tsetse.—E.A. Tryp. Res. Org. Ann. Rep. 1958, p. 26.Google Scholar
Schaefer, K. E. & Scheer, K. (1951). Regional differences in CO2., elimination through the skin.—Exp. Med. Surg. 9, 449–457.Google ScholarPubMed
Vale, G. A. (1966). Mobile attractants for tsetse flies.—Arnoldia 4, no. 33, 7 pp.Google Scholar
Vanderplank, F. L. (1944). Studies of the behaviour of the tsetse-fiy (Glossina pallidipes) in the field: the attractiveness of various baits.—J. Anim. Ecol. 13, 39–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vickery, C. A., Meadows, K. E. & Baughman, I. E. (1966). Synergism of carbon dioxide and chick as bait for Culex nigripalpus.—Mosquito News 26, 507–508.Google Scholar
Weitz, B. (1963). The feeding habits of Glossina.—Bull. Wld Hlth Org. 28, 711–729.Google ScholarPubMed