Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-dh8gc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T11:00:16.896Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Potential for classical biological control of the potato bug Closterotomus norwegicus (Hemiptera: Miridae): description, parasitism and host specificity of Peristenus closterotomae sp. n. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

T. Haye ,
C. van Achterberg ,
H. Goulet ,
B.I.P. Barratt  and
U. Kuhlmann
T. Haye*
Affiliation:
CABI Switzerland Centre, 1 Rue des Grillons, 2800 Delémont, Switzerland
C. van Achterberg
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum, Postbus 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands
H. Goulet
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Research Centre, K.W. Neatby Building, Ottawa, ON Canada, K1A 0C6
B.I.P. Barratt
Affiliation:
AgResearch Invermay, Private Bag 50034, Mosgiel, New Zealand
U. Kuhlmann
Affiliation:
CABI Switzerland Centre, 1 Rue des Grillons, 2800 Delémont, Switzerland
*
*Fax: +41 32 421 4871 E-mail: t.haye@cabi.org
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The potato bug, Closterotomus norwegicus (Gmelin) (Hemiptera: Miridae) is an introduced pest of lucerne, white clover and lotus seed crops in New Zealand and a key pest of pistachios in California, USA. Efforts were made to identify potential biological control agents of C. norwegicus in Europe. A total of eight parasitoids, including six primary parasitoids from the genus Peristenus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and two hyperparasitoids from the genus Mesochorus (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), were reared from C. norwegicus nymphs collected in various habitats in northern Germany. With a proportion of more than 85% of all C. norwegicus parasitoids, Peristenus closterotomae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a new species, was the most dominant parasitoid, whereas other parasitoid species only occurred sporadically. Peristenus closterotomae did not fit in the keys to any described species and is described as new to science. Parasitism caused by P. closterotomae was on average 24% (maximum 77%). To assess the host specificity of parasitoids associated with C. norwegicus, the parasitoid complexes of various Miridae occurring simultaneously with C. norwegicus were studied. Peristenus closterotomae was frequently reared from Calocoris affinis (Herrich-Schaeffer), and a few specimens were reared from Calocoris roseomaculatus (De Geer) and the meadow plant bug, Leptopterna dolobrata (Linnaeus) (all Hemiptera: Miridae). The remaining primary parasitoids associated with C. norwegicus were found to be dominant in hosts other than C. norwegicus. Whether nymphal parasitoids may potentially be used in a classical biological control initiative against the potato bug in countries where it is introduced and considered to be a pest is discussed.

Keywords

potato bugClosterotomus norwegicusPeristenus closterotomaebiological controlhost specificityCaliforniaNew Zealandpistachiolucernewhite clover
Type
Research Article
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 96 , Issue 4 , August 2006 , pp. 421 - 431
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2006

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Afscharpour, F. (1960) Ökologische Untersuchungen über Wanzen und Zikaden auf Kulturfeldern in Schleswig-Holstein. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Zoologie 47, 257–301Google Scholar
Aukema, B., Rieger, C. (1999) Catalogue of the Heteroptera of the Palaearctic Region. 577 pp. Netherlands Entomological Society, Amsterdam, NetherlandsGoogle Scholar
Barratt, B.I.P. & Moeed, A. (2005) Environmental safety of biological control: policy and paratcise in New Zealand. Biological Control 35, 247–252CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barratt, B.I.P., Evans, A.A., Ferguson, C.M., Barker, G.M., McNeill, M.R. & Philips, C.B. (1997) Laboratory nontarget host range of the introduced parasitoids Microctonus aethiopoides and Microctonus hyperodae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) compared with field parasitism in New Zealand. Environmental Entomology 26, 694–702CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beirne, B.P. (1972) Pest insects of annual crop plants in Canada IV, Hemiptera-Homoptera; V, Orthoptera; VI, other groups. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 85, 1–73Google Scholar
Bilewicz-Pawinska, T. (1982) Plant bugs (Heteroptera: Miridae) and their parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on cereal crops. Polish Ecological Studies 8, 113–191Google Scholar
Bilewicz-Pawinska, T. & Pankanin, M. (1974) Larvae of Peristenus Foerster (Hym., Braconidae) parasitic on Lygus rugulipennis Popp. (Heteroptera, Miridae). Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne 44, 759–764Google Scholar
Bolkan, H.A., Ogawa, J.M., Rice, R.E., Bostock, R.M. & Crane, J.C. (1984) Leaffooted bug implicated in pistachio epicarp lesion. California Agriculture 38, 16–17Google Scholar
Boller, E.F., Hänli, F. & Poehling, H.-M. (Eds) (2004) Ecological infrastructures: ideabook on functional biodiversity at the farm level, temperate zones of Europe, 212 pp. Lindau, Swiss Centre for Agricultural Extension and Rural Development (LBL).Google Scholar
Brindley, M.D. (1939) Observations on the life-history of Euphorus pallipes (Curtis) (Hym.: Braconidae), a parasite of Hemiptera-Heteroptera. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society London (A) 14, 51–56CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brower, J.H. (1991) Potential host range and performance of a reportedly monophagous parasitoid, Pteromalus cerealellae (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae). Entomolgical News 102, 231–235Google Scholar
Chapman, R.B. (1976) Vegetable crop pests pp. 78–104 in Ferro, D.N.New Zealand insect pests. Lincoln University College of Agriculture, Canterbury, New Zealand.Google Scholar
Chapman, R.B. (1984) Seed crop pests. pp. Scott, R.R. (Ed). New Zealand pest and beneficial insects. 143–152Lincoln University College of Agriculture, Canterbury, New Zealand.Google Scholar
Clifford, P.T.P., Wightman, J.A. & Whitford, D.N.J. (1983) Mirids in “Grasslands Maku” lotus seed crops: friend or foe. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 44, 42–46CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cock, M.J.W. (1986) Requirements for biological control: an ecological perspective. Biocontrol News and Information 7, 7–16Google Scholar
Day, W.H. (1996) Evaluation of biological control of the tarnished plant bug (Hemiptera: Miridae) in alfalfa by the introduced parasite Peristenus digoneutis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Environmental Entomology 25, 512–518CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Day, W.H. (2005) Diapause duration as a synchronizer of parasite (Peristenus spp.: Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and host (Hemiptera: Miridae) life cycles, and its use in separating morphologically-similar parasite species. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 131, 87–99Google Scholar
Drea, J.J., Dureseau, L. & Rivet, E. (1973) Biology of Peristenus stygicus from Turkey, a potential natural enemy of Lygus bugs in North America. Environmental Entomology 2, 278–280CrossRefGoogle Scholar
ERMA, New Zealand (1999) Identifying risks for applications under the hazardous substances and new organisms act 1996. 49 pp. Wellington, ERMA New Zealand, Technical Guide, ER-TG-01–1 9ø99.Google Scholar
Eyles, A.C. (1999) Introduced Mirinae of New Zealand (Hemiptera: Miridae). New Zealand Journal of Zoology 26, 355–372CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eyles, A.C. (2001) Key to the genera of Mirinae (Hemiptera: Miridae) in New Zealand and descriptions of new taxa. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 28, 197–221CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferro, D.N. (1976) New Zealand insect pests. 311 pp. Canterbury, Lincoln University College of Agriculture.Google Scholar
Gurr, G.M., Wratten, S.D. & Altieri, M.A. (Eds) (2004) Ecological engineering for pest management – advances in habitat manipulation for arthropods. 256 pp. Wallingford, Oxon CABI Publishing.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hartley, M.J., Townsend, R.J. & Watson, R.N. (1982) Biology of potato mirid and Australian crop mirid on asparagus. pp. 332–337 in Proceedings of the 35th New Zealand Weed and Pest Control Conference, Waikato, 9–12 August 1982. Palmerston North, New Zealand Weed and Pest Control Society Inc.Google Scholar
Hawkins, B.A. (1994) Pattern and process in host–parasitoid interactions. 190 pp. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hawkins, B.A., Thomas, M.B. & Hochberg, M.E. (1993) Refuge theory and biological control. Science 262, 1429–1437CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Haye, T. (2004) Studies on the ecology of European Peristenus spp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and their potential for the biological control of Lygus spp. (Hemiptera: Miridae) in Canada. PhD thesis, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany.Google Scholar
Haye, T., Goulet, H., Mason, P.G. & Kuhlmann, U. (2005) Does fundamental host range match ecological host range? A retrospective case study of a Lygus plant bug parasitoid. Biological Control 35, 55–67CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hembree, K.J. &, Shrestha, A. (2005) Relative toxicities of insecticides and miticides used in pistachios to natural enemies and honey bees. UC IPM Pest Management Guidelines: Pistachio UC ANR Publication 3461 (www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PMG/r605900111.html).Google Scholar
Henry, T.J. & Froeschner, R.C. (Eds) (1988) Catalog of the Heteroptera, or true bugs, of Canada and the continental United States. 958 pp. LeidenE.J. Brill.Google Scholar
Kelton, L.A. (1982) Plant bugs on fruit crops in Canada. Heteroptera: Miridae. 201 pp. Ottawa, Research Branch Agriculture Canada.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kuhlmann, U., Schaffner, U. & Mason, P.G. (2006) Selection of non-target species for host specificity testing. pp. 15–37 in Bigler, F., Babendreier, D., Kuhlmann, U. (Eds) Environmental impact of invertebrates for biological control of arthropods. Wallingford, Oxon CABI Publishing.Google Scholar
Kullenberg, B. (1944) Studien über die Biologie der Capsiden. Zoologiska Bidrag fran Uppsala 23, 1–522Google Scholar
Loan, C.C. (1974) The European species of Leiophron Nees and Peristenus Foerster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Euphorinae). Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 126, 207–238CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Loan, C.C. (1979) Three new species of Peristenus Foerster from Canada and western Europe (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Euphorinae). Naturaliste Canadien 106, 387–391Google Scholar
Loan, C.C. (1980) Plant bug hosts (Heteroptera: Miridae) of some Euphorine parasites (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) near Belleville, Ontario, Canada. Naturaliste Canadien 107, 87–93Google Scholar
Macfarlane, R.P., Wightman, J.A., Griffin, R.P. & Whitford, D.N.J. (1981) Hemiptera and other insects on South Island lucerne and lotus seed crops 1980–1981. pp. 39–42 in Proceedings of the 34th New Zealand Weed and Pest Control Conference, Blenheim, 11–13 August 1981. Rotorua, New Zealand Plant Protection Society.Google Scholar
Maw, H.E.L., Foottit, R.G., Hamilton, K.G.A. & Scudder, G.G.E. (2000) Checklist of the Hemiptera of Canada and Alaska. 220 pp. Ottawa, National Research Council of Canada, NRC Research Press.Google Scholar
McPherson, G.K. (1957) Seed production in New Zealand cocksfoot. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 94, 483–494Google Scholar
Myers, J.G. & China, W.E. (1928) A list of New Zealand Heteroptera with the description of a remarkable aradid representing a new genus. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 1, 377–394CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nechols, J.R., Kauffman, W.C. & Schaefer, P.W. (1992) Significance of host specificity classical biological control. pp. 41–52 in Kauffman, W.C. & Nechols, J.R. (Eds) Selection criteria and ecological consequences of importing natural enemies. Lanham, Maryland, USA, Entomological Society of America.Google Scholar
Onstad, D.W. & McManus, M.L. (1996) Risks of host range expansion by parasites of insects. Bioscience 46, 430–435CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pemberton, R.W. (2000) Predictable risk to native plants in weed biological control. Oecologia 125, 489–494CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pickett, A.D., Neary, M.E. & MacLeod, D. (1944) The mirid Calocoris norvegicus Gmelin, a strawberry pest in Nova Scotia. Scientific Agriculture 24, 299–303Google Scholar
Provancher, L. (1886) Petite faune entomologique du Canada. Les Hémiptères 3. Quebec.Google Scholar
Purcell, M. & Welter, S.C. (1990a) Degree-day model for development of Calocoris norvegicus (Hemiptera: Miridae) and timing of management strategies. Environmental Entomology 19, 848–853CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Purcell, M. & Welter, S.C. (1990b) Seasonal phenology and biology of Calocoris norvegicus (Hemiptera: Miridae) in pistachios and associated host plants. Journal of Environmental Entomology 83, 1841–1846Google Scholar
Purcell, M. & Welter, S.C. (1991) Effect of Calocoris norvegicus (Hemiptera: Miridae) on pistachio yields. Journal of Economic Entomology 84, 114–119CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rice, R.E. & Bentley, W. (2005) Neurocolpus and Calocoris. pp. 180–181Ferguson, L., Beede, R.H., Freeman, M.W., Haviland, D.R., Holtz, B.A., Kallsen, C.E. & Coviello, J. (Eds) Pistachio production manual. 4th edn Davis, California. University of California.Google Scholar
Rice, R.E., Uyemoto, J.K., Ogawa, J.M. & Pemberton, W.M. (1985) New findings on pistachio problems. California Agriculture 39, 15–18Google Scholar
Rosenzweig, V.Y. (1997) Revised classification of the Calocoris complex and related genera (Heteroptera: Miridae). Zoosystematica Rossica 6, 139–169Google Scholar
Schroeder, N.C. (1995) Hemipteran pest damage assessment and management in white clover seed crops. M.Agr.Sci. thesis, Lincoln University, New Zealand.Google Scholar
Schroeder, N.C. & Chapman, R.B. (1995) The impact of two insecticides on hemipteran pests and beneficial arthropods in a white clover seed crop. pp. 170–174Popay, A.J. (Ed.) Proceedings of the 48th New Zealand plant protection conference 8–10 August 1995. Rotorua, New Zealand Plant Protection Society.Google Scholar
Schroeder, N.C. & Clifford, P.T.P. (1996) The incidence of insect pests and their arthropod predators in 24 Canterbury white clover seed crops. pp. 29–33Woodfield, D.R. (Ed.) White clover: New Zealand's competitive edge. Proceedings of a joint symposium between Agronomy Society of New Zealand and New Zealand Grassland Association,21–22 November 1995,Lincoln University. Christchurch,Agronomy Society of New Zealand.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schroeder, N.C., Chapman, R.B. & Clifford, P.T.P. (1998) Effect of potato mirid (Calocoris norvegicus) on white clover seed production in small cages. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 41, 111–116CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D. (1959) Land and water bugs of the British Isles. 436 pp. London, Warne.Google Scholar
Uyemoto, J.K., Ogawa, J.M., Rice, R.E., Teranishi, H.R., Bostock, R.M. & Pemberton, W.M. (1986) Role of several true bugs (Hemiptera) on incidence and seasonal development on pistachio fruit epicarp lesion disorder. Journal of Economic Entomology 70, 395–399CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Lenteren, J.C., Babendreier, D., Bigler, F., Burgio, G., Hokkanen, H.M.T., Kuske, S., Loomans, A.J.M., Menzler-Hokkanen, I., van Rijn, P.C.J., Thomas, M.B. & Tommasini, M.G. (2003) Regulation of import and release of mass-produced natural enemies: a risk assessment approach. pp. 191–204Van, LenterenQuality control and production of biological control agents: theory and testing procedures. Wallingford, Oxon CABI Publishing.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Steenwyk, R.A. & Stern, V.M. (1976) The biology of Peristnus stygicus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a newly imported parasite of Lygus bugs. Environmental Entomology 5, 931–934CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wagner, E. 1952 Die Tierwelt Deutschlands und der angrenzendea Meeresteile, 41 Teil, Blindwanzen oder Miriden. 218 pp. Jena, Gustav Fischer Verlag.Google Scholar
Watson, R.N. & Townsend, R.J. (1981) Invertebrate pests on asparagus in Waikato. pp. 70–75 in Proceedings of the 34th New Zealand Weed and Pest Control Conference, Blenheim, 11–13 August 1981. Rotorua, New Zealand Plant Protection Society.Google Scholar
Welter, S.C. &, Purcell, M. (1988) The ecology and management of Calocoris norvegicus in pistachios. pp. 79–84 in California Pistachio Commission Annual Report: Crop Year 1987–1988. Fresno, California Pistachio Commission.Google Scholar
Wheeler, A.G. (2000) Plant bugs (Miridae) as plant pests. pp. 37–83Schaefer, C.W., Panizzi, A.R.Heteroptera of economic importance. Boca Raton, Florida, CRC Press LLC.Google Scholar
Wightman, J.A. & Macfarlane, R.P. (1982) The integrated control of pests of legume seed crops: 2. Summation and strategy of the 1980–81 season 377–384 in Proceedings of the 3rd Australasian Conference of Grassland Invertebrate Eclology, Adelaide, 30 November – 4 December 1981. Adelaide, S.A. Government Printer.Google Scholar
Wightman, J.A. & Whitford, D.N.J. (1982) Integrated control of pests of legume seed crops. 1. Insecticides for mirid and aphid control. New Zealand Journal for Experimental Agriculture 10, 209–215CrossRefGoogle Scholar