Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-94fs2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T10:14:14.134Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Sex-specific response to delayed and repeated mating in spider mite Tetranychus urticae

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 June 2020

Guang-Yun Li Open the ORCID record for Guang-Yun Li [Opens in a new window]  and
Zhi-Qiang Zhang Open the ORCID record for Zhi-Qiang Zhang [Opens in a new window]
Guang-Yun Li
Affiliation:
Centre for Biodiversity and Biosecurity, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research, 231 Morrin Road, Auckland1072, New Zealand
Zhi-Qiang Zhang*
Affiliation:
Centre for Biodiversity and Biosecurity, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research, 231 Morrin Road, Auckland1072, New Zealand
*
Author for correspondence: Zhi-Qiang Zhang, Email: zhangz@landcareresearch.co.nz
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Sexual interaction is an important activity that determines the reproductive schedule of organisms and can ultimately influence the fitness traits of both sexes. Although the influence of sexual interaction on the fitness of females has been extensively determined, little is known about the effects on males, which often have different mating strategies and optimal mating regimes from those of females. To understand how mating regimes (timing and frequency) modulate the fitness in both sexes, we used spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) to investigate the influence of delayed mating and repeated mating on the fitness of male and female. For females, the unmated and the delayed mating females outlived those mated immediately after adult emergence. The repeated mating shortened the lifespan of females that mated at 1-day-old, but not that mated 7-day-old. However, no significant variation in lifespan was observed for males across different mating regimes. We found although delayed mating significantly reduced the daily reproductive rate of the females, there was no significant difference in lifetime reproduction of females across treatments because the delayed mating females increased their reproductive lifespan as a compensation. Our study highlighted that the time and frequency of sexual interaction showed a sex-specific consequence on male and female spider mites, indicating that sexual interaction incurs a higher cost to females which have a much lower optimal mating frequency than males.

Keywords

Delayed matinglongevityrepeated matingreproductionsex-specificspider mite
Type
Research Paper
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 111 , Issue 1 , February 2021 , pp. 49 - 56
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Amdam, GV (2011) Social context, stress, and plasticity of aging. Aging Cell 10, 18–27.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Arnqvist, G and Nilsson, T (2000) The evolution of polyandry: multiple mating and female fitness in insects. Animal Behaviour 60, 145–164.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Arnqvist, G and Rowe, L (2005) Sexual Conflict. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Atwood, CS and Bowen, RL (2011) The reproductive-cell cycle theory of aging: an update. Experimental Gerontology 46, 100–107.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Avila, FW, Sirot, LK, LaFlamme, BA, Rubinstein, CD and Wolfner, MF (2011) Insect seminal fluid proteins: identification and function. Annual Review of Entomology 56, 21–40.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bonato, O and Gutierrez, J (1999) Effect of mating status on the fecundity and longevity of four spider mite species (Acari: Tetranychidae). Experimental & Applied Acarology 23, 623–632.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bonduriansky, R and Brassil, CE (2005) Reproductive ageing and sexual selection on male body size in a wild population of antler flies (Protopiophila litigata). Journal of Evolutionary Biology 18, 1332–1340.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bonduriansky, R, Maklakov, A, Zajitschek, F and Brooks, R (2008) Sexual selection, sexual conflict and the evolution of ageing and life span. Functional Ecology 22, 443–453.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bretman, A and Fricke, C (2019) Exposure to males, but not receipt of sex peptide, accelerates functional ageing in female fruit flies. Functional Ecology 9, 5048.Google Scholar
Bretman, A, Westmancoat, JD, Gage, MJG and Chapman, T (2013) Costs and benefits of lifetime exposure to mating rivals in male Drosophila melanogaster. Evolution 67, 2413–2422.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Carranza, J and Pérez-Barbería, FJ (2007) Sexual selection and senescence: male size-dimorphic ungulates evolved relatively smaller molars than females. The American Naturalist 170, 370–380.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chapman, T (2001) Seminal fluid-mediated fitness traits in Drosophila. Heredity 87, 511–521.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chapman, T, Takahisa, M, Smith, HK and Partridge, L (1998) Interactions of mating, egg production and death rates in females of the Mediterranean fruitfly, Ceratitis capitata. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 265, 1879–1894.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clotuche, G, Mailleux, A-C, Deneubourg, J-L, Le Goff, GJ, Hance, T and Detrain, C (2010) Group effect on fertility, survival and silk production in the web spinner Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) during colony foundation. Behaviour 147, 1169–1184.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cocco, A, Muscas, E, Mura, A, Iodice, A, Savino, F and Lentini, A (2018) Influence of mating disruption on the reproductive biology of the vine mealybug, Planococcus ficus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), under field conditions. Pest Management Science 74, 2806–2816.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cordts, R and Partridge, L (1996) Courtship reduces longevity of male Drosophila melanogaster. Animal Behaviour 52, 269–278.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davies, S, Kattel, R, Bhatia, B, Petherwick, A and Chapman, T (2005) The effect of diet, sex and mating status on longevity in Mediterranean fruit flies (Ceratitis capitata), Diptera: Tephritidae. Experimental Gerontology 40, 784–792.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Drenth-Diephuis, LJ and Pijnacker, LP (1972) Cytological investigations on the male reproductive system and the sperm track in the spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Tetranychidae, Acarina). Netherlands Journal of Zoology 23, 446–464.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flatt, T (2011) Survival costs of reproduction in Drosophila. Experimental Gerontology 46, 369–375.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gendron, CM, Kuo, T-H, Harvanek, ZM, Chung, BY, Yew, JY, Dierick, HA and Pletcher, SD (2014) Drosophila life span and physiology are modulated by sexual perception and reward. Science (New York, N.Y.) 343, 544–548.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gerken, AR and Campbell, JF (2018) Life history changes in Trogoderma variabile and T. inclusum due to mating delay with implications for mating disruption as a management tactic. Ecology and Evolution 8, 2428–2439.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heubel, KU and Plath, M (2008) Influence of male harassment and female competition on female feeding behaviour in a sexual–asexual mating complex of mollies (Poecilia mexicana, P. formosa). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 62, 1689–1699.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holt-Lunstad, J, Smith, TB and Layton, JB (2010) Social relationships and mortality risk: a meta-analytic review. PLoS Medicine 7, e1000316.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hunt, J, Simmons, LW and Kotiaho, JS (2002) A cost of maternal care in the dung beetle Onthophagus taurus? Journal of Evolutionary Biology 15, 57–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kirkwood, TB (1977) Evolution of ageing. Nature 270, 301–304.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Köhler, A, Hildenbrand, P, Schleucher, E, Riesch, R, Arias-Rodriguez, L, Streit, B and Plath, M (2011) Effects of male sexual harassment on female time budgets, feeding behavior, and metabolic rates in a tropical livebearing fish (Poecilia mexicana). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 65, 1513–1523.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kotiaho, JS and Simmons, LW (2003) Longevity cost of reproduction for males but no longevity cost of mating or courtship for females in the male-dimorphic dung beetle Onthophagus binodis. Journal of Insect Physiology 49, 817–822.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Krainacker, DA and Carey, JR (1989) Reproductive limits and heterogeneity of male twospotted spider mites. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 50, 209–214.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lehmann, GU (2012) Weighing costs and benefits of mating in bushcrickets (Insecta: Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae), with an emphasis on nuptial gifts, protandry and mate density. Frontiers in Zoology 9, 19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lentini, A, Mura, A, Muscas, E, Nuvoli, MT and Cocco, A (2018) Effects of delayed mating on the reproductive biology of the vine mealybug, Planococcus ficus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 108, 263–270.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, SY and Harmsen, R (1993) Effects of maternal density and age on the daily fecundity and offspring sex ratio in Tetranychus urticae Koch. The Canadian Entomologist 125, 633–635.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, GY and Zhang, ZQ (2016) Some factors affecting the development, survival and prey consumption of Neoseiulus cucumeris (Acari: Phytoseiidae) feeding on Tetranychus urticae eggs (Acari: Tetranychidae). Systematic and Applied Acarology 21, 555–567.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, GY and Zhang, ZQ (2020) The costs of social interaction on survival and reproduction of arrhenotokous spider mite. Entomologia Generalis, In Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, X-W, Jiang, H-X, Zhang, X-C, Shelton, AM and Feng, J-N (2014) Post-mating interactions and their effects on fitness of female and male Echinothrips americanus (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), a new insect pest in China. PLoS One 9, e87725.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, X-W, Fail, J and Shelton, AM (2015) Female multiple matings and male harassment and their effects on fitness of arrhenotokous Thrips tabaci (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 69, 1585–1595.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Macke, E, Magalhães, S, Khan, HD-T, Luciano, A, Frantz, A, Facon, B and Olivieri, I (2011) Sex allocation in haplodiploids is mediated by egg size: evidence in the spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 278, 1054–1063.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Macke, E, Magalhães, S, Do-Thi Khanh, H, Frantz, A, Facon, B and Olivieri, I (2012) Mating modifies female life history in a haplodiploid spider mite. The American Naturalist 179, E147–E162.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oku, K (2010) Males of the two-spotted spider mite attempt to copulate with mated females: effects of double mating on fitness of either sex. Experimental & Applied Acarology 50, 107–113.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Oku, K (2014) Sexual selection and mating behavior in spider mites of the genus Tetranychus (Acari: Tetranychidae). Applied Entomology and Zoology 49, 1–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Partridge, L and Prowse, N (1997) The effects of reproduction on longevity and fertility in male Drosophila melanogaster. Journal of Insect Physiology 43, 501–512.Google ScholarPubMed
Partridge, L, Green, A and Fowler, K (1987) Effects of egg-production and of exposure to males on female survival in Drosophila melanogaster. Journal of Insect Physiology 33, 745–749.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
R Core Team (2017) R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. http://www.R-project.org/Google Scholar
Rasmy, AH and Hussein, HE (1994) Effect of age and mating on release of female sex pheromones and male response in the two-spotted spider mite. Journal of Applied Entomology 117, 109–111.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Réale, D, Boussès, P and Chapuis, J-L (1996) Female-biased mortality induced by male sexual harassment in a feral sheep population. Canadian Journal of Zoology 74, 1812–1818.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rodrigues, LR, Figueiredo, ART, Varela, SAM, Olivieri, I and Magalhães, S (2017) Male spider mites use chemical cues, but not the female mating interval, to choose between mates. Experimental and Applied Acarology 71, 1–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rowe, L (1992) Convenience polyandry in a water strider: foraging conflicts and female control of copulation frequency and guarding duration. Animal Behaviour 44, 189–202.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sakurai, G and Kasuya, E (2008) The costs of harassment in the adzuki bean beetle. Animal Behaviour 75, 1367–1373.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scharf, I, Peter, F and Martin, OY (2013) Reproductive trade-offs and direct costs for males in arthropods. Evolutionary Biology 40, 169–184.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shi, C and Murphy, CT (2014) Mating induces shrinking and death in Caenorhabditis mothers. Science (New York, N.Y.) 343, 536–540.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shine, R, O'Connor, D and Mason, RT (2000) Sexual conflict in the snake den. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 48, 392–401.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simmons, LW (2001) Sperm Competition and its Evolutionary Consequences in the Insects. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Taylor, ML, Wigmore, C, Hodgson, DJ, Wedell, N and Hosken, DJ (2008) Multiple mating increases female fitness in Drosophila simulans. Animal Behaviour 76, 963–970.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thrall, PH, Antonovics, J and Dobson, AP (2000) Sexually transmitted diseases in polygynous mating systems: prevalence and impact on reproductive success. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 267, 1555–1563.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van Voorhies, WA (1992) Production of sperm reduces nematode lifespan. Nature 360, 456–458.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wu, C-X, Liu, J-F, Di, X-Y and Yang, M-F (2018) Delay in mating reduces reproductivity but increases life span in tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 111, 1650–1657.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zajitschek, F, Zajitschek, SRK, Friberg, U and Maklakov, AA (2013) Interactive effects of sex, social environment, dietary restriction, and methionine on survival and reproduction in fruit flies. Age (Dordrecht, Netherlands) 35, 1193–1204.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zhou, P, He, XZ and Wang, Q (2018) Sons from virgin mothers produce more daughters in a haplodiploid mite. Systematic and Applied Acarology 23, 1869–1878.CrossRefGoogle Scholar