Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T10:12:40.087Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Spatial distribution of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in relation to geo-ecological features in South Andaman, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 August 2017

A.N. Shriram ,
A. Sivan  and
A.P. Sugunan
A.N. Shriram*
Affiliation:
Regional Medical Research Centre (Indian Council of Medical Research), Post Bag No.13, Port Blair 744 101, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, India
A. Sivan
Affiliation:
Regional Medical Research Centre (Indian Council of Medical Research), Post Bag No.13, Port Blair 744 101, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, India
A.P. Sugunan
Affiliation:
Regional Medical Research Centre (Indian Council of Medical Research), Post Bag No.13, Port Blair 744 101, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, India
*
*Author for correspondence Phone: +91-3192-251158, 251043 Fax: 91-3192-251163 E-mail: shriraman@icmr.org.in, anshriram@gmail.com
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The study was undertaken in South Andaman district, comprising three tehsils, viz. Port Blair, Ferrargunj and Little Andaman Tehsils, respectively. Intensive pupal infestation surveys were carried out along the National Highway (NH 223), the main passenger and trade route, referred to as Great Andaman Trunk Road. Sampling locations at every 3 km were geo-referenced with global positioning system unit. A total of 17314 water collections were examined from 29 locations across the South Andaman district, among which 1021 (5.9%) were colonized by immature stages of Aedes albopictus, Aedes aegypti and other mosquito species. Ae. aegypti were found in 12 locations, showing higher infestation in the densely built Aberdeen Bazaar. Breeding populations of Ae. albopictus were observed in 27 sampling locations. Both the species were not recorded in two Northern localities. In the areas where both the species are present, they were often found in the same developmental sites, suggesting convergent habitat selection. The most frequently encountered man-made, artificial and natural developmental sites were fixed cement tanks, plastic drums, plastic cans, metal drums, metal pots, discarded tires, coconut shells, leaf axils and tree holes. Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus were observed in varying proportions in Port Blair and Ferrargunj Tehsils, while the former species appeared to be absent in Little Andaman. This study elucidates the spatial distribution of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus with preponderance of the latter species, pointing towards arboviral transmission and assumes public health importance in South Andaman district, endemic for dengue.

Keywords

arbovirusesvectorslarval ecologytopographyA&N islandsIndia
Type
Research Papers
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 108 , Issue 2 , April 2018 , pp. 166 - 174
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bagny, L., Delatte, H., Elissa, N., Quilici, S. & Fontenille, D. (2009 a) Aedes (Diptera: Culicidae) vectors of arboviruses in Mayotte (Indian Ocean): distribution area and larval habitats. Journal of Medical Entomology 46, 198–207.Google Scholar
Bagny, L., Delatte, H., Quilici, S. & Fontenille, D. (2009 b) Progressive decrease in Aedes aegypti distribution in Reunion Island since the 1900s. Journal of Medical Entomology 46, 1541–1545.Google Scholar
Barraud, P.J. (1934) The Fauna of British India Including Burma and Ceylon. Diptera: Culicidae, Tribes Megarhinini and Culicini, vol. V. London, Taylor and Francis, pp. 1–452.Google Scholar
Braks, M.A., Honório, N.A., Lourençqo-De-Oliveira, R., Juliano, S.A. & Lounibos, L.P. (2003) Convergent habitat segregation of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in southeastern Brazil and Florida. Journal of Medical Entomology 40, 785–794.Google Scholar
CDC (2016) Division of Vector Borne Diseases. Available online at http://www.cdc.gov/ncezid/dvbd/ (accessed 15 February 2016).Google Scholar
Chan, K.L., Chan, Y.C. & Ho, B.C. (1971 a) Aedes aegypti (L.) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) in Singapore city. 2. Larval habitats. Bulletin of World Health Organization 44, 629–633.Google Scholar
Chan, Y.C., Chan, K.L. & Ho, B.C. (1971 b) Aedes Aegypti (L.) and Aedes Albopictus (Skuse) in Singapore City. 1. Distribution and density. Bulletin of World Health Organization 44, 617–627.Google Scholar
Charrel, R.N., de Lamballerie, X. & Raoult, D. (2008) Seasonality of mosquitoes and chikungunya in Italy. The Lancet Infectious Disease 8, 5–6.Google Scholar
Chen, C.D., Nazni, W.A., Lee, H.L., Seleena, B., MohdMasri, S., Chiang, Y.F. & Sofian-Azirun, M. (2006) Mixed breeding of Aedes aegypti (L.) and Aedes albopictus Skuse in four dengue endemic areas in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor, Malaysia. Tropical Biomedicine 23, 224–227.Google Scholar
Christophers, S.R. (1960) Aedes aegypti (L) the Yellow Fever Mosquito: Its Life History, Bionomics and Structure. Cambridge, UK, Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Cornel, A.J. & Hunt, R.H. (1991) Aedes albopictus in Africa? First records of live specimens in imported tires in Cape Town. Journal of American Mosquito Control Association 7, 107–108.Google Scholar
Delatte, H., Dehecq, J.S., Thiria, J., Domerg, C., Paupy, C. & Fontenille, D. (2008 a) Geographic distribution and developmental sites of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) during a Chikungunya epidemic event. Vector Borne Zoonotic Diseases 8, 25–34.Google Scholar
Delatte, H., Paupy, C., Dehecq, J.S., Thiria, J., Failloux, A.B. & Fontenille, D. (2008 b) Aedes albopictus, vector of chikungunya and dengue viruses in Reunion Island: biology and control. Parasite 15, 3–13.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
ECDC (2016) Aedes albopictus. Available online at http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/healthtopics/vectors/mosquitoes/Pages/aedes-albopictus.aspx (acceded 31 January 2016).Google Scholar
Gilotra, S.K., Rozeboom, L.E. & Bhattacharya, N.C. (1967) Observations on possible competitive displacement between populations of Aedes aegypti Linnaeus and Aedes albopictus Skuse in Calcutta. Bulletin of World Health Organization 37, 437–446.Google Scholar
Gratz, N.G. (2004) Critical review of the vector status of Aedes albopictus . Medical and Veterinary Entomology 18, 215–227.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gubler, D.J. (2002) Epidemic dengue/dengue hemorrhagic fever as a public health, social and economic problem in the 21st century. Trends in Microbiology 10, 100–103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gubler, D.J. (2003) Aedes albopictus in Africa. Lancet Infectious Disease 3, 751–752.Google Scholar
Hawley, W.A. (1988) The biology of Aedes albopictus . Journal of American Mosquito Control Association 4, 1–40.Google Scholar
Juliano, S.A. & Lounibos, L.P. (2005) Ecology of invasive mosquitoes: effects on resident species and on human health. Ecology Letters 8, 558–574.Google Scholar
Kamgang, B., Youta Happi, J., Boisier, P., Njiokou, F., Hervé, J.P., Simard, F. & Paupy, C. (2010) Geographic and ecological distribution of dengue and chikungunya virus vectors, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, in urban environments of Cameroon (Central Africa). Journal of Medical and Veterinary Entomology 24, 132–141.Google Scholar
Kow, C.Y., Koon, L.L. & Yin, P.F. (2001) Detection of dengue viruses in field caught male Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Singapore by type-specific PCR. Journal of Medical Entomology 38, 475–479.Google Scholar
Kusumawathie, P.H.D., Yapabandara, A.M.G.M., Jayasooriya, G.A.J.S.K. & Walisinghe, C. (2009) Effectiveness of net covers on water storage tanks for the control of dengue vectors in Sri Lanka. Journal of Vector Borne Disease 46, 160–163.Google Scholar
Leroy, E.M., Nkoghe, D., Ollomo, B., Nze-Nkogue, C., Becquart, P., Grard, G., Pourrut, X., Charrel, R., Moureau, G., Ndjoyi-Mbiguino, A. & De-Lamballerie, X. (2009) Concurrent chikungunya and dengue virus infections during simultaneous outbreaks, Gabon, 2007. Emerging Infectious Disease 15, 591–593.Google Scholar
Lounibos, L.P. (2002) Invasions by insect vectors of human disease. Annual Review of Entomology 47, 233–266.Google Scholar
Manimunda, S., Singh, S.S., Sugunan, A.P., Singh, O., Roy, S., Shriram, A.N., Bharadwaj, A.P., Shah, W.A. & Vijayachari, P. (2007) Chikungunya fever, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. Emerging Infectious Disease 13, 1259–1260.Google Scholar
Mattingly, P.F. (1957) Genetical aspects of the Aedes aegypti problem. Taxonomy and binomics. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 51, 392–408.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Medlock, J.M., Hansford, K.M., Schaffner, F., Versteirt, V., Hendrickx, G., Zeller, H. & Van Bortel, W. (2012) A review of the invasive mosquitoes in Europe: ecology, public health risks, and control options. Vector Borne Zoonotic Disease 12, 435–447.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mitchell, C.J. (1995) Geographic spread of Aedes albopictus and potential for involvement in arbovirus cycles in the Mediterranean Basin. Journal of Vector Ecology 20, 44–58.Google Scholar
Nagpal, B.N. & Sharma, V.P. (1983) Mosquitoes of Andaman Islands. Indian Journal of Malariology 20, 7–13.Google Scholar
Ngoagouni, C., Kamgang, B., Nakouné, E., Paupy, C. & Kazanji, M. (2015) Invasion of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) into central Africa: what consequences for emerging diseases? Parasites & Vectors 8, 191.Google Scholar
Nicholson, J., Ritchie, S.A. & van den Hurk, A.F. (2014) Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) as a potential vector of endemic and exotic arboviruses in Australia. Journal of Medical Entomology 51, 661–669.Google Scholar
Pagès, F., Peyrefitte, C.N., Mve, M.T., Jarjaval, F., Brisse, S., Iteman, I., Gravier, P., Tolou, H., Nkoghe, D. & Grandadam, M. (2009) Aedes albopictus mosquito: the main vector of the 2007 chikungunya outbreak in Gabon. PLoS ONE 4, e4691.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Paupy, C., Delatte, H., Bagny, L., Corbel, V. & Fontenille, D. (2009) Aedes albopictus, an arbovirus vector: from the darkness to the light. Microbes and Infection 11, 1177–1185.Google Scholar
Pistone, T., Ezzedine, K., Schuffenecker, I., Receveur, M.C. & Malvy, D. (2009) An imported case of chikungunya fever from Madagascar: use of the sentinel traveler for detecting emerging arboviral infections in tropical and European countries. Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease 7, 52–54.Google Scholar
Rey, J.R., Nishimura, N., Wagner, B., Braks, M.A., O'Connell, S.M. & Lounibos, L.P. (2006) Habitat segregation of mosquito arbovirus vectors in south Florida. Journal of Medical Entomology 43, 1134–1141.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Savage, H.M., Ezike, V.I., Nwankwo, A.C., Spiegel, R. & Miller, B.R. (1992) First record of breeding populations of Aedes albopictus in continental Africa: implications for arboviral transmission. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 8, 101–103.Google Scholar
Seneviratne, S.L., Gurugama, P. & Perera, J. (2007) Chikungunya viral infections: an emerging problem. Journal of Travel Medicine 14, 320–325.Google Scholar
Shriram, A.N. & Sehgal, S.C. (1999) Aedes aegypti (L) in Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Islands-distribution and larval ecology. Journal of Communicable Diseases 31, 185–192.Google Scholar
Shriram, A.N., Sugunan, A.P. & Vijayachari, P. (2008) Infiltration of Aedes aegypti into peri-urban areas in South Andaman. Indian Journal of Medical Research 127, 618–620.Google Scholar
Shriram, A.N., Sugunan, A.P., Manimunda, S.P. & Vijayachari, P. (2009) Community-centred approach for the control of AedesSpp in a peri-urban zone in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands using Temephos. National Medical Journal of India 22, 116–120.Google Scholar
Shroyer, D.A. (1986) Aedes albopictus and arboviruses, a concise review of the literature. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 2, 424–428.Google Scholar
Sivan, A., Shriram, A.N., Sunish, I.P. & Vidhya, P.T. (2015) Host feeding pattern of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera, Culicidae) in heterogeneous landscapes of South Andaman, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. Parasitology Research 114, 3539–3546.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sivan, A., Shriram, A.N., Sugunan, A.P., Anwesh, M., Muruganandam, N., Kartik, C., & Vijayachari, P. (2016) Natural transmission of dengue virus serotype 3 by Aedes albopictus (Skuse) during an outbreak in Havelock Island: entomological characteristics. Acta Tropica 156, 122–129.Google Scholar
Simard, F., Nchoutpouen, E., Toto, J.C. & Fontenille, D. (2005) Geographic distribution and breeding site preference of Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in Cameroon, Central Africa. Journal of Medical Entomology 42, 726–731.Google Scholar
Smith, C.E.G. (1956) The history of dengue in tropical Asia and its probable relationship to the mosquito Aedes aegypti . Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 59, 3–11.Google Scholar
Tsuda, Y. & Takagi, M. (2001) Survival and development of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae under a seasonally changing environment in Nagasaki, Japan. Environmental Entomology 30, 855–860.Google Scholar
Tsuda, Y., Suwonkerd, W., Chawprom, S., Prajakwong, S. & Takagi, M. (2006) Different spatial distribution of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus along an urban-rural gradient and the relating environmental factors examined in three villages in northern Thailand. Journal of American Mosquito Control Association 22, 222–228.Google Scholar
Vazeille, M., Moutailler, S., Coudrier, D., Rousseaux, C., Khun, H., Huerre, M., Thiria, J., Dehecq, J.S., Fontenille, D., Schuffenecker, I., Despres, P. & Failloux, A.B. (2007) Two chikungunya isolates from the outbreak of La Reunion (Indian Ocean) exhibit different patterns of infection in the mosquito, Aedes albopictus . PLoS ONE 2, e1168.Google Scholar
Vijayachari, P., Singh, S.S., Sugunan, A.P., Shriram, A.N., Manimunda, S.P., Bharadwaj, A.P., Singhania, M., Gladius, C. & Bhattacharya, D. (2011) Emergence of dengue in Andaman and Nicobar archipelago: eco-epidemiological perspective. Indian Journal of Medical Research 134, 235–237.Google Scholar
WHO (2011) Comprehensive Guidelines for Prevention and Control of Dengue and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever. Available online at http://www.searo.who.int/entity/vector_borne_tropical_diseases/documents/SEAROTPS60/en/ (accessed 31 January 2016).Google Scholar
Yoosuf, A.A., Shiham, I., Mohamed, A.J., Ali, G., Luna, J.M., Pandav, R., Gongal, G.N., Nisaluk, A., Jarman, R.G. & Gibbons, R.V. (2009) First report of chikungunya from the Maldives. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 103, 192–196.Google Scholar