Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-ndw9j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-13T04:02:26.070Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Studies on the Toxicity Of insecticide Films*

I. —Preliminary Investigations on concentration-time-mortality Relation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

S. Pradhan
S. Pradhan
Affiliation:
Department of Insecticides and Fungicides, Rothamsted Experimental Station, Harpenden, Herts.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Experiments are described in which the concentration-time-mortality relationships with certain insects were investigated for the insecticides DDT and γ-BHC, the insecticides being used in film form. Adults of Tribolium castaneum, the larvae of Plutella maculipennis and adults of the Aphid, Macrosiphoniella sanborni, were used as test insects. T. castaneum proved the most suitable insect for experimental laboratory work on films, since it can be kept in continuous contact with them without difficulty.

A description is given of the techniques employed for T. castaneum and also for the other insects which are able to progress on perpendicular glass surfaces. Techniques are described for experiments in which attempts were made to eliminate as far as possible the fumigation effect of γ-BHC and to differentiate it from that of direct contact. The fumigation effect of this compound is considerable and it appears impossible to eliminate it entirely.

With T. castaneum the characteristic curves connecting log. concentration with percentage mortality varies with time of exposure, from horizontal lines showing on the one hand zero toxicity and, on the other, complete mortality at all concentrations. Sigmoid curves are represented between these limits. The average survival period of T. castaneum adults gradually decreases with the strength of poison in the film.

The surface upon which toxic films are deposited was shown in preliminary experiments to have a definite bearing upon their effectiveness. Waxed surfaces showed least toxicity, and amongst a few leaves used Geum gave the highest and water lily, at lower critical concentrations, the least effect. High concentrations on water lily were little different from others in toxic action.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 40 , Issue 1 , June 1949 , pp. 1 - 25
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1949

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bradley, G. H. & Fritz, R. F. (1946). J. nat. Malar. Soc., 5, pp. 141–145.Google Scholar
Busvine, J. R. & Barnes, S. (1947). Bull. ent. Res., 38, pp. 81–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dickinson, B. C. (1944). J. econ. Ent., 37, pp. 311–312.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Felber, I. M. (1945). J. agric. Res., 71, pp. 231–254.Google Scholar
Finney, D. J. (1947). Probit Analysis, pp. 103–114. Cambridge Univ. Press.Google Scholar
Fisher, R. A. & Yates, F. (1938). Statistical Tables, pp. 38–40.Google Scholar
Gahan, J. B. & Lindquist, A. W. (1915). J. econ. Ent., 38, pp. 223–230.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kennedy, J. S. (1947). Bull. ent. Res., 37, pp. 593–607.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Laug, E. P. (1946). J. Pharmacol., 86–87, pp. 327–331.Google Scholar
Lepage, H. S., Giannotti, O. & Pereira, H. F. (1945). Biológico, 11, pp. 320–325.Google Scholar
Lindquist, A. W., Madden, A. H. & Schroeder, H. O. (1946). J. Kans. ent. Soc., 19, pp. 13–15.Google Scholar
Lindquist, A. W., Wilson, H. G., Schroeder, H. O. & Madden, A. H. (1945). J. econ. Ent., 38, pp. 261–264.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacInnes, D. G. (1947). Bull. ent. Res., 38, pp. 123–130.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morrison, F. O. (1945). Rep. ent. Soc. Ont., 76, pp. 18–20.Google Scholar
Parkin, E. A. & Green, A. A. (1943). Ann. appl. Biol., 30, pp. 279–292.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parkin, E. A. & Green, A. A.. (1945). Nature, 155, p. 668.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parkin, E. A. & Green, A. A.. (1947). Bull. ent. Res., 38, pp. 311–325.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parkin, E. A. & Hewlett, P. S. (1946). Ann. appl. Biol., 33, pp. 381–386.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Potter, C. (1938). Ann. appl. Biol., 25, pp. 836–854.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Potter, C.. (1941). Ann. appl. Biol., 28, pp. 142–169.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Potter, C.. (1942). Ann. appl. Biol., 29, pp. 329–330.Google Scholar
Ribbands, C. R. (1947). Bull. ent. Res., 37, pp. 567–592.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shepard, H. H. (1939). Chemistry and Toxicology of Insecticides, p. 313.Google Scholar
Sweetman, H. L. (1945). Soap and sanit. Chem., 21 (12), p. 141.Google Scholar
Tattersfield, F. & Potter, C. (1943). Ann. appl. Biol., 30, pp. 259–279.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Webb, J. E. (1947). Bull. ent. Res., 38, pp. 209–232.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Westgate, M. W. & Bolton, A. N. (1946). Circ. nat. Paint, Varn., Lacq. Ass. sci. Sect., No. 715, pp. 26–33. (Soap & Sanit. chem., 22 (12), p. 161. 1946.)Google Scholar