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Kennedy, Oil Imports, and the Fair Trade Doctrine

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 December 2011

Thomas W. Zeiler
Thomas W. Zeiler
Affiliation:
Thomas W. Zeiler is a lecturer in history at theUniversity of Colorado, Boulder.
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Extract

In his efforts to secure passage of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962, John F. Kennedy had to placate not only oil and coal interests at home, but also traditional trade partners like Venezuela abroad, and he also had to foster the broad national security aim of retaining domestic oil reserves. This article argues that Kennedy was able to utilize a fair trade doctrine to gain enactment of legislation that would both lower trade barriers and assist domestic producers hurt by increased imports.

Type
Articles
Information
Business History Review , Volume 64 , Issue 2 , Summer 1990 , pp. 286 - 310
Copyright
Copyright © The President and Fellows of Harvard College 1990

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19 TEA—House, pt. 3, Harold Decker, IPAA, 1724; Memorandum for Meeting with Prime Minister Diefenbaker [1961], box 113, POF; Chester, United States Oil Policy and Diplomacy, 138–39.

20 Commodity Tearbook, 1963, 245, 247; Petroleum Hearings—I, 66, 496; Petroleum Hearings—II, 540; Bohi, Limiting Oil Imports, 22–23, 25.

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32 Morgan, Kerr, 232–33. See also Myer Rashish Oral History, JFK Library, 28–30; Luther Hodges to the President, Memorandum Reporting the Status of the Trade Expansion Act, 20 Aug. 1962, box 51, POF. The “whales” included Richard B. Russell (D–Ga.), Carl Hayden (D–Ariz.), Allen Ellender (D–La.), and James Eastland (D–Miss.).

33 Morgan, Kerr, 210, 233.

34 Robert Kerr to John Cosey, 4 May 1955, box 34; Kerr to Cleo Ingle, 13 April 1955, box 34; Kerr, “The Reader Writes: Senator Kerr's Amendment,” Christian Science Monitor, 26 July 1958, box 1; Address to the Midyear 1958 Meeting of the IPAA, 29 April 1958, box 8; press release, Kerr and Senator A. S. Monroney (D—Okla.), 28 Feb. 1959, box 18; transcript of Television Show on the Trade Expansion Act of 1962, Washington, D.C., 14 June 1962, box 25, Papers of Senator Robert S. Kerr, Albert Center [hereafter cited as Kerr Papers]; press release, 28 March 1962, box 56, Petersen files; Oil and Gas Journal 60 (23 April 1962): 65Google Scholar; ibid. 60 (30 July 1962): 90; press release, Kerr and A. S. “Mike” Monroney (D–Okla.), 20 June 1962, box 56, Petersen files; “Kerr, Steed on Different Sides on Oil Amendment,” Oklahoman, 1 April 1962, box 307; Kerr to Thomas Williams, 16 April 1962, box 4; Kerr to J. Howard Edmondson, 21 May 1962, box 4, Kerr Papers; Morgan, Kerr, 233.

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39 Report of Myer Feldman on Discussions with President Betancourt on the United States Oil Import Program, Attachment 1, New Regulations on the Oil Import Restrictions—First Personal Impressions of Dr. Juan P. Perez Alfonzo, box 104, POF; Betancourt, Venezuela, 390–91.

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43 Commodity Yearbook, 1971, 93, 253; Bohi, Limiting Oil Imports, 23.

44 Secretary of State Rusk to the American Embassy, Caracas, 20 Dec. 1962, box 192, NSF; Rabe, The Road to OPEC, 194.

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