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Anaheim, California: A Nineteenth Century Experiment in Commercial Viniculture

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 July 2012

Vincent P. Carosso
Vincent P. Carosso
Affiliation:
Harvard University
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Extract

The development of commercial viniculture in California forms an important chapter in the State's agricultural and business history. The sixty years between 1830 and 1890 witnessed the transformation in California of agricultural policies and practices which culminated in the birth of a large-scale industrial and commercial enterprise. Grape-growing and wine-making were one of the first industries to experience this transition.

Type
Research Article
Information
Business History Review , Volume 23 , Issue 2 , June 1949 , pp. 78 - 86
Copyright
Copyright © The President and Fellows of Harvard College 1949

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References

Author's Note: In the preparation of this article two scrapbook collections in the Bancroft Library of the University of California at Berkeley were of particular value. The “Bancroft Scraps” (c. 1850-80), 113 volumes, were important sources of newspaper and pamphlet materials. The volumes in the series entitled “California Agriculture,” “California Counties,” and “State Fairs” proved to be among the most useful. The second collection of scraps and clippings, the Benjamin Hayes “Scrapbooks” (c. 1850-80), 138 volumes, formed another important supplement to materials in the Bancroft collection. The most important volumes in the Hayes collection proved to be those entitled “Agriculture,” “California Notes,” and “History of Los Angeles County”; they contain important accounts of the production, quality, and sale of the wine of the Los Angeles Vineyard Society.

1 Kohler, Charles, “Wine Production in California” (MS, 1878), p. 6Google Scholar, in the Bancroft Library of the University of California.

2 Dickson, Lucile E., “The Founding and Early History of Anaheim, California,” Annual Publications of the Historical Society of Southern California, 1919, vol. xi, p. 27Google Scholar; Truman, Major Ben C., Semi-Tropical California (San Francisco, 1874), pp. 145–150Google Scholar; Alta California, Feb. 21, 1857, p. 2.

3 Los Angeles Star, June 2, 1855, p. 211, in the Bancroft Library Collection entitled “Hayes' Agricultural Scraps.”

4 Raup, Hallock F., “The German Colonization of Anaheim, California,” University of California Publications in Geography, 1932, vol. vi, pp. 123–146Google Scholar—one of the more thorough accounts of the Anaheim experiment; Nordhoff, Charles, The Communistic Societies of the United States (New York, 1873), p. 362.Google Scholar

5 Alta California, Sept. 28, 1863, p. 1; Dickson, op. cil., p. 27; “Bancroft Scraps, Agriculture,” in the Bancroft Library of the University of California, vol. iv, p. 748.

6 Cronise, Titus F., The Natural Wealth of California (San Francisco, 1868), p. 107Google Scholar; “Bancroft Scraps, Counties,” vol. ii, p. 470.

7 Raup, op. cit., p. 13.

8 Alta California, Dec. 21, 1857.

9 Newmark, Harris, Sixty Years in Southern California, 1858–1918 (2d rev. ed., New York, 1926), pp. 212–213Google Scholar; Anaheim, Southern California, Its History, Climate, Soil and Advantages … (Los Angeles, 1885), p. 3, in the Bancroft Library Collection entitled “Orange County Pamphlets.”

10 Sacramento Daily Union, Mar. 19, 1859, p. 8; San Francisco Evening Bulletin, Feb. 5, 1858, p. 3.

11 Southern Vineyard, Dec. 22, 1859, p. 2, contains an itemized account of the Society's expenses between Sept., 1857, and Sept., 1859. Use of this newspaper was made available through the courtesy of the Henry E. Huntington Library and Art Gallery, San Marino, California.

12 “Bancroft Scraps, Counties,” vol. ii, p. 483; Nordhoff, op. cit., p. 363; Raup, op. cit., p. 131.

13 California Farmer, Dec. 23, 1859, vol. xii, p. 153; “Bancroft Scraps, Counties,” vol. ii, p. 483.

14 “Bancroft Scraps, Agriculture,” vol. iv, p. 748; Southern Vineyard, Dec. 22, 1859, p. 2; Alta California, Sept. 28, 1865, p. 1.

15 “Bancroft Scraps, Counties,” vol. ii, p. 470.

16 Carr, John F., Anaheim: Its People and Its Products (New York, 1869), p. 3Google Scholar, in the Bancroft Library Collection entitled “Wines and Viniculture in California.” Wine-production statistics between 1860 and 1869 may be found in Alta California, Sept. 28, 1865; in “Bancroft Scraps, Counties,” vol. i, pp. 363, 393, and vol. ii, p. 483.

17 Dickson, op. cit., pp. 31-32; Raup, op. cit., p. 130.