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ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN MITES AND OTHER ARTHROPODS IN FOREST FLOOR HABITATS1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Evert E. Lindquist
Evert E. Lindquist
Affiliation:
Biosystematics Research Institute, Canada Department of Agriculture, Ottawa
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Abstract

The evolutionary success of the mites, which rivals that of the insects, is reviewed briefly. A remarkable secondary adaptive radiation apparently occurred in the mites, probably beginning in the late Mesozoic, in conjunction with the major evolution and radiation of the insects and to a lesser extent of the higher plants and the warm-blooded vertebrate animals.

The spectrum of forest floor microhabitats, in which mite–arthropod associations may occur, is discussed. The problems in elucidating the living relationships between mites and other arthropods, due to biological complexities and physical difficulties, are reviewed. Some of the elements of close mite–arthropod associations are discussed, including protected stable habitats provided by insects, shared habitat specificities, regularity of co-occurrence, host specificity, site constancy of mites on their arthropod hosts, and life cycle synchrony.

Examples are given of the apparently few morphological adaptations of insects for accommodating mites. The variety of morphological structures which are adaptations of mites to an association with other arthropods are discussed, particularly regressive modifications. Physiological and behavioral adaptations of mites to secretions or to other actions of their arthropod associates are mentioned. Cases are given showing the different ways in which mites have achieved synchrony of their life cycle with that of their hosts.

Some thoughts on the usefulness of research on the interrelationships between mites and other arthropods conclude the paper.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 107 , Issue 4 , April 1975 , pp. 425 - 437
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1975

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