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The parasitoid communities associated with Ceutorhynchus species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Ontario and Québec, Canada*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 February 2014

P.G. Mason ,
J.H. Miall ,
P. Bouchard ,
A. Brauner ,
D.R. Gillespie  and
G.A.P. Gibson
P.G. Mason*
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Research Centre, K.W. Neatby Building, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0C6
J.H. Miall
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Research Centre, K.W. Neatby Building, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0C6
P. Bouchard
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Research Centre, K.W. Neatby Building, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0C6
A. Brauner
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Research Centre, K.W. Neatby Building, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0C6
D.R. Gillespie
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Research Centre, PO Box 1000, Agassiz, British Columbia, Canada V0M 1A0
G.A.P. Gibson
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Research Centre, K.W. Neatby Building, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0C6
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: peter.mason@agr.gc.ca).
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Abstract

Surveys were conducted in Ontario and Québec, Canada to determine the parasitoid communities associated with Ceutorhynchus Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) weevil species that are potential nontarget hosts of candidate biological control agents of the cabbage seedpod weevil, Ceutorhynchus obstrictus (Marsham). New host plant associations are documented for Ceutorhynchus americanus Buchanan, Ceutorhynchus neglectus Blatchley, and Ceutorhynchus omissus Fall. More than 18 species of Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) were associated with six Ceutorhynchus species reared from siliques and stems of Brassicaceae plants. Silique-feeding Ceutorhynchus species supported a more diverse parasitoid community than stem-feeding or root crown-feeding species. The major components of the parasitoid assemblage of the native C. neglectus included Mesopolobus gemellus Baur and Muller, Mesopolobus moryoides Gibson, Trichomalus lucidus (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) and a cryptic species complex previously reported as Necremnus tidius (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). These species, plus Trimeromicrus maculatus Gahan (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) were the main parasitoids attacking the native C. omissus. The major parasitoids associated with the accidently introduced Ceutorhynchus erysimi (Fabricius) and Ceutorhynchus typhae (Herbst) included T. maculatus, the N. tidius species complex, M. gemellus, and M. moryoides. Trichomalus perfectus (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), a major parasitoid of C. obstrictus in Europe, is an accidental introduction first reared in Canada from that host in 2009 and first collected from C. omissus in 2011. Mesopolobus gemellus is shown to have a broad host range. These findings highlight the need for a cautious approach before introducing new biological control agents.

Résumé

Nous avons réalisé en Ontario et au Québec, Canada, un relevé de la faune de parasitoïdes associés aux espèces de charançons du genre Ceutorhynchus Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) qui peuvent servir d'hôtes non-intentionnels d'agents de la lutte biologique contre le charançon de la graine du chou, Ceutorhynchus obstrictus (Marsham). De nouvelles plantes hôtes sont répertoriées pour Ceutorhynchus americanus Buchanan, Ceutorhynchus neglectus Blatchley et Ceutorhynchus omissus Fall. Plus de 18 espèces de Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) sont associées à six espèces de Ceutorhynchus qui se développent dans les siliques et les tiges de crucifères (Brassicaceae). Les espèces de Ceutorhynchus dont les larves se développent dans les siliques sont les hôtes d'un plus grand nombre d'espèces de parasitoïdes que celles qui se développent dans les tiges ou les couronnes de racine. Les principaux parasitoïdes de l'espèce indigène C. neglectus sont Mesopolobus gemellus Baur and Muller, Mesopolobus moryoides Gibson, Trichomalus lucidus (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) et un groupe d'espèces cryptiques réunies dans la littérature sous le nom de Necremnus tidius (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Ces espèces sont, en plus de Trimeromicrus maculatus Gahan (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), celles qui attaquent le charançon indigène C. omissus. Le complexe de parasitoïdes associés aux espèces introduites C. erysimi (Fabricius) et C. typhae (Herbst) comprend T. maculatus, le groupe d'espèces cryptiques près de N. tidius, M. gemellus et M. moryoides. Trichomalus perfectus (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), important parasitoïde du charançon de la graine du chou en Europe, a été accidentellement introduit au Canada où il s'est développé dans C. obstrictus en 2009 et dans C. omissus en 2011. Le parasitoïde M. gemellus peut attaquer un grand nombre d'hôtes. Nos résultats démontrent la nécessité de procéder prudemment avant d'introduire de nouveaux agents de lutte biologique.

Type
Insect Management
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 146 , Issue 2 , April 2014 , pp. 224 - 235
Copyright
Copyright © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, as represented by the Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food 2014 

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Footnotes

Subject editor: Kevin Floate

*

Contribution 12-395 of the Research Center

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