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SEASONAL DEVELOPMENT AND FLIGHT ACTIVITY OF THE SPOTTED TENTIFORM LEAFMINER, PHYLLONORYCTER BLANCARDELLA (LEPIDOPTERA: GRACILLARIIDAE), IN CONNECTICUT

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Chris T. Maier
Chris T. Maier
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven 06504–1106
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Abstract

The spring emergence and seasonal abundance of the trivoltine spotted tentiform leafminer, Phyllonorycter blancardella (Fabr.), were monitored in a Connecticut apple orchard to provide phenological data for control programs. Spring emergence of each sex lasted 28 or 29 days in 1980 and 1981 although large emergences (≥5% of the total) occurred over a period of 12 to 18 days. When spring emergence was forecast in 1981 by using degree-day accumulations (above 5 °C) from the 1980 emergence, the predicted and actual 10 and 50% emergence time differed by 4 or 5 days. Even though daily catches of moths in pheromone traps preceded those in emergence traps, the abundance patterns indicated by these traps were similar. Low temperature and rain reduced emergence and flight activity. Seasonal abundance in pheromone traps showed three or four peaks, which usually decreased in size as the year progressed. From 1978 to 1981, the onset of male flight activity varied by as much as 3 wk. When emergence and pheromone traps are used together, they indicate the duration and peaks of emergence and flight activity.

Résumé

L'émergence printanière et l'abondance saisonnière de la mineuse Phyllonorycter blancardella (Fabr.) ont été suivies dans une pommeraie du Connecticut afin d'obtenir des données phénologiques utiles en répression. L'émergence a duré 28 ou 29 jours en 1980 et 1981 pour les 2 sexes, bien que les émergences importantes (≥5% du total) se sont étendues sur 12 à 18 jours. La prévision de l'émergence de 1981 basée sur les degrés-jours accumulés au-dessus de 5 °C lors de l'émergence de 1980, a révélé une différence de 4 à 5 jours entre les dates prévues et observées pour 10 et 50% d'émergence. Bien que les captures journalières de papillons dans les pièges à phéromone aient précédé celles de pièges à émergence, les patrons d'abondance indiqués par les deux types de pièges étaient similaires. La basse température et la pluie ont réduit l'émergence et l'activité du vol. L'abondance saisonnière dans les pièges à phéromone a montré 3 ou 4 pointes diminuant généralement en importance avec la saison. De 1978 à 1981, le début de l'activité de vol des mâles a varié d'au maximum 3 semaines. Les pièges à émergence et à phéromone sont utiles pour indiquer la durée et les pointes d'émergence et de vol.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 116 , Issue 3 , March 1984 , pp. 435 - 441
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1984

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