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Biology and integrated management of wheat stem sawfly and the need for continuing research

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 January 2012

B.L. Beres ,
L.M. Dosdall ,
D.K. Weaver ,
H.A. Cárcamo  and
D.M. Spaner
B.L. Beres*
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research Centre, Box 3000, 5403 1st Ave. S., Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1, and University of Alberta Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Sciences, 410 Ag/Forestry Building, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2P5
L.M. Dosdall
Affiliation:
University of Alberta Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Sciences, 410 Ag/Forestry Building, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2P5
D.K. Weaver
Affiliation:
Montana State University Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, P.O. Box 173120, Bozeman, Montana 59717-3120, United States of America
H.A. Cárcamo
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research Centre, 5403 1st Avenue South, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1
D.M. Spaner
Affiliation:
University of Alberta Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Sciences, 410 Ag/Forestry Building, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2P5
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: brian.beres@agr.gc.ca).
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Abstract

The wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus Norton (Hymenoptera: Cephidae), is historically one of the most important economic insect pests in the northern Great Plains of North America. Within this geographical region, the areas subjected to greatest attack are southern Alberta and Saskatchewan, southwestern Manitoba, eastern and northern Montana, North Dakota, northern South Dakota, and western Minnesota. Cumulative grain-yield losses and annual economic losses associated with this pest can exceed 30% and $350 million, respectively. Solid-stemmed cultivars of common wheat, Triticum aestivum L. (Poaceae), tolerant of infestation, are critical for C. cinctus management, but outbreaks of this pest continue to occur even after six decades of cultivar development. Furthermore, chemical control (a primary control option for other cereal (Poaceae) insect pests) has proven ineffective; this underscores the need to integrate resistant cultivars into a comprehensive integrated pest management program. We provide overviews of wheat stem sawfly biology, recent advances in applied research, the efficacy and integration of cultural and biological management strategies, and future directions for global research activities to manage wheat stem sawfly.

Résumé

Le cèphe du blé, Cephus cinctus Norton (Hymenoptera : Cephidae), est historiquement l’une des espèces de ravageurs de la plus grande importance économique dans le nord des Grandes Plaines d’Amérique du Nord. Au sein de cette région géographique, les zones qui ont subi la plus forte attaque sont le sud de l’Alberta et de la Saskatchewan, le sud-ouest du Manitoba, l’est et le nord du Montana, le Dakota du Nord, le nord du Dakota du Sud et l’ouest du Minnesota. Les pertes cumulatives de rendement en grain causées par ce ravageur peuvent dépasser 30 % et les pertes économiques annuelles peuvent excéder 350 millions $. Les cultivars de blé, Triticum aestivum L. (Poaceae), à tige solide et tolérants à l’infestation sont d’importance critique dans la gestion de C. cinctus, mais des épidémies de ce ravageur se produisent toujours même après six décennies de développement de cultivars. De plus, le contrôle chimique (une méthode importante de lutte contre les autres insectes ravageurs des céréales (Poaceae)) s’est avéré inefficace; cela souligne la nécessité d’intégrer les cultivars résistants dans un programme complet de lutte intégrée contre le ravageur. Nous présentons un exposé général de la biologie du cèphe du blé, des progrès récents en recherche appliquée, de l’efficacité et de l’intégration des stratégies de gestion basées sur la culture et la biologie et des avenues futures des activités globales de recherche nécessaires pour gérer le cèphe du blé.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

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The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 143 , Issue 2 , April 2011 , pp. 105 - 125
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2011

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