Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-v2bm5 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-01-25T17:52:34.607Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE LIFE-CYCLE OF ANAX JUNIUS (ODONATA: AESHNIDAE) IN CANADA1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Robert Trottier
Robert Trottier
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The effect of temperature on the rate of development of Anax junius Drury was studied. Monthly larval samples were carried out for 2 years and laboratory experiments were conducted at constant temperatures. Field studies, at a eutrophic pond near Toronto, showed that in Canada populations of A. junius are not only maintained by migrants each year but also by residents. Two distinct populations were found, a summer (non-resident) population which developed from oviposition to emergence in approximately 3 months, from June to September, and an overwintering (resident) population which overwintered as half-grown larvae and developed in approximately 11 months from mid-July of one calendar year to the end of June of the next year. The former population was larger and comprised approximately 48% males and the latter was smaller and comprised approximately 41% males. A threshold temperature of development of 8.7° ± 0.1 °C was determined in the laboratory for the development of final-instar larvae of the summer population. The rate of development of final-instar larvae, reared at constant temperature, was similar to that of the entire summer aquatic stages which developed in fluctuating temperature. An average of 1332 degree-days ± 1% was required for development from the onset of oviposition to the onset of emergence of the summer population; whereas 20.5% more degree-days were required for the development of the overwintering population, employing the threshold temperature of 8.7 °C as determined for the summer population.It is recommended that correlation between degree-day totals and duration of larval development be used in further studies as a means for understanding the migration pattern and also the climatic limit of distribution for A. junius.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 103 , Issue 12 , December 1971 , pp. 1671 - 1683
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1971

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aguesse, P. and Testard, P.. 1968. Les variations du rendement de la nourriture chez les larves d'Aeschnidae en fonction de leur vitesse de croissance. Ann. Limnol. 2: 199–208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brimley, C. S. 1904. Note on duration of larval stage of Odonata. Ent. News 15: 136.Google Scholar
Calvert, P. P. 1934. The rates of growth, larval development and seasonal distribution of dragonflies of the genus Anax (Odonata: Aeshnidae). Proc. Am. phil. Soc. 73: 1–70.Google Scholar
Chapman, L. J. and Brown, D. M.. 1966. The climates of Canada for agriculture. The Canada Land Inventory. Report No. 3, 24 pp.Google Scholar
Corbet, P. S. 1957. The life history of the Emperor Dragonfly Anax imperator Leach (Odonata: Aeshnidae). J. Anim. Ecol. 26: 1–69.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corbet, P. S. 1962. A biology of dragonflies. Witherby, London.Google Scholar
Davidson, J. 1944. On the relationship between temperature and the rate of development of insects at constant temperatures. J. Anim. Ecol. 13: 26–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fischer, P. 1891. Notes and news. Entomological gleanings from all quarters of the globe. Ent. News 2: 179–180.Google Scholar
Garman, P. 1917. The Zygoptera, or damsel-flies, of Illinois. Bull. Ill. Lab. Nat. Hist. 12: 409–587.Google Scholar
Jenner, C. E. 1955. The effect of photoperiod on the duration of nymphal development in several species of Odonata. Bull. Ass. Southeastern Biol. 6: 26.Google Scholar
Lutz, P. E. and Jenner, C. E.. 1964. Life history and photoperiodic responses of nyumphs of Tetragoneuria cynosura (Say). Biol. Bull. 127: 304–316.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Macklin, J. M. 1964. Notes on the life history of Anax junius (Drury) (Odonata: Aeshnidae). Proc. Indiana Acad. Sci. 72: 154–163.Google Scholar
Montgomery, B. E. 1947. The distribution and relative seasonal abundance of Indiana species of five families of dragonflies (Odonata), Calopterygidae, Petaluridae, Cordulegasteridae, Gomphidae and Aeshnidae. Proc. Indiana Acad. Sci. 56: 163–169.Google Scholar
Montgomery, B. E. and Macklin, J. M.. 1962. Rates of development of the later instars of Neotetrum pulchellum (Drury) (Odonata: Libellulidae). Proc. N. Centr. Br. ent. Soc. Am. 17: 21–23.Google Scholar
Needham, J. G. and Westfall, M. J.. 1955. A manual of the dragonflies of North America Anisoptera). Univ Calif. Press, Berkeley.Google Scholar
Ness, R. and Anderson, M. A.. 1969. The status of Anax junius Drury (Odonata: Aeshnidae) in southern Minnesota. Proc. N. Centr. Br. ent. Soc. Am. 24: 56.Google Scholar
Phelps, R. J. and Burrows, P. M.. 1969. Puparial duration in Glossina morsitaus orientalis under conditions of constant temperature. Ent. exp. Appl. 12: 33–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scahaller, F. 1962. Rôle de la diapause et de la vitesse du dévelopment dans le cycle biologique d'Aeshna cyanea. Bull. Ass. Phil. Alsace-Lorraine 11: 128–137.Google Scholar
Trottier, R. 1966. The emergence and sex ratio of Anax junius Drury (Odonata: Aeshnidae) in Canada. Can. Ent. 98: 794–798.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trottier, R. 1970. Effect of temperature and humidity on the emergence and ecdysis of Anax junius Drury (Odonata: Aeshnidae). Ph.D. dissertation, University of Toronto.Google Scholar
Uvarov, B. P. 1931. Insects and climate. Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 79: 1–247.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walker, E. M. 1958. The Odonata of Canada and Alaska, Vol. II. Univ Toronto Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whedon, A. D. 1914. Preliminary notes on the Odonata of southern Minnesota. Ann. Dep. St. Ent. Minn. 15: 77–103.Google Scholar
White, H. B. and Raff, R. A.. 1970. Early spring emergence of Anax junius (Odonata: Aeshnidae) in central Pennsylvania. Can. Ent. 102: 498–499.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Young, A. M. 1967. The flying season and emergence period of Anax junius in Illinois (Odonata: Aeshnidae). Can. Ent. 99: 886–890.CrossRefGoogle Scholar