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Efficiency of Grasshopper Baits in Relation to Time of Day of Application1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

R. H. Handford  and
L. G. Putnam
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Extract

Literature on grasshopper control published hetween 1930 and 1942 stressed the desirability of applying poisoned bait when grasshoppers begin their first main feeding period of the day. Such pubiications include those by Parker (1930). Parker, Walton, and Shotwell (1932), Criddle (1932). Ruggles and Aamodt (1938), and Bird (1940). Parker (1930) found that the lesser migratory grasshopper, Melanoplus mexicanus mexicanus (Sauss.), fed sparingly on baits at air temperatures between 55°F. and 63°F., more actively between 64°F. and 67°F., and most actively between 68°F. and 78°F. A rapid decrease in feeding occurred when air temperature rose above 80°F. or the soil surface temperature above 113°F. Much the same relationship held also for the clear-winged grasshopper, Cammula pellucida (Scudd.). On the basis of such observations it was decided chat an air temperature of 68°F. might be classed as optimum for beginning the application of bait. Parker did not, however, indicate the degree of mortality resulting from such feeding; the other writers gave no experimental data.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 84 , Issue 5 , May 1952 , pp. 147 - 155
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1952

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References

Bird, R. D. 1940. Control of grasshoppers in the Prairie Provinces. Canada, Dept. Agr., War-Time Production Series, Special Pamphlet 36.Google Scholar
Criddle, N. 1932. The control of grasshoppers in Canada east of the Rocky Mountains. Canada, Dept. Agr., Pamphlet 146 (New Series).Google Scholar
Ford, A. L., and Larrimer, W. H., 1921. Some factors influencing the efficiency of grasshopper baits, J. Econ. Ent. 14: 292–299.Google Scholar
Hinman, E. J. 1939. Method of conducting field tests of grasshopper baits. Proc. 18th Ann. Meeting North Central States Entomologists, St. Paul, Minn., 1939, pp. 35–36. (Mimeographed).Google Scholar
Parker, J. R. 1930. Some effects of temperature and moisture upon Melanoplus mexicanus mexicanus (Saussure) and Camnula pellucida Scudder (Orthoptera). Univ. of Montana Agr. Expt. Sta. Bull. 223.Google Scholar
Parker, J. R., Walton, W. R., and Shotwell, R. L.. 1932. How to control grasshoppers in cereal and forage crops. U.S.D.A. Farmers' Bull. 1691.Google Scholar
Ruggles, A. G., and Aamodt, T. L.. 1938. Grasshoppers and their control. Univ. of Minnesota Agr. Extension Div. Special Bull. 194.Google Scholar