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PARASIMULIUM (DIPTERA: SIMULIIDAE), A BLACK FLY GENUS NEW TO THE EXTANT FAUNA OF CANADA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

A. Borkent
A. Borkent
Affiliation:
Royal British Columbia Museum, 2330 70th Street SE, Salmon Arm, British Columbia, Canada V1E 4M3
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Extract

The genus Parasimulium Malloch holds a position of special interest within the family Simuliidae. Not only is it the sister group to all remaining members of the family (Wood and Borkent 1982; Cume 1988), but the four described species of the genus are known only from northern California to Washington State. The genus was considered to be very rare until the rediscovery of a population of P. crosskeyi Peterson by Wood and Borkent (1982) in northern Oregon. Since then, the egg, first and second larval instars (Borkent and Wood 1986) of P. stonei and the nearly mature larva and pupa (Courtney 1986) of P. crosskeyi have been described. Larvae and pupae of P. crosskeyi have been collected from the hyporheic zone of a seep near a larger creek (Courtney 1986). The immatures were found among debris retained by a net held below the outlet while excavating the seep by hand. Finally, Currie and Walker (1992) have discovered fossil larval fragments of Parasimulium from Marion Lake, B.C., (50 km east of Vancouver) that were dated at 10 500 – 11 000 years before present and these represent the first records of the genus from Canada.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 124 , Issue 4 , August 1992 , pp. 743 - 744
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1992

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References

Borkent, A., and Wood, D.M.. 1986. The first and second larval instars and the egg of Parasimulium stonei Peterson (Diptera: Simuliidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 88: 287–296.Google Scholar
Courtney, G.W. 1986. Discovery of the immature stages of Parasimulium crosskeyi Peterson (Diptera: Simuliidae), with a discussion of a unique Black Fly habitat. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 88: 280–286.Google Scholar
Currie, D.C. 1988. Morphology and systematics of primitive Simuliidae (Diptera: Culicomorpha). Ph.D. thesis, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.Google Scholar
Currie, D.C., and Walker, I.R.. 1992. Recognition and palaeohydrologic significance of fossil black fly larvae, with a key to the Nearctic genera (Diptera: Simuliidae). Journal of Paleolimnology. In press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peterson, B.V. 1977. A synopsis of the genus Parasimulium Malloch (Diptera: Simuliidae), with descriptions of one new subgenus and two new species. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 79: 96–106.Google Scholar
Wood, D.M., and Borkent, A.. 1982. Description of the female of Parasimulium crosskeyi Peterson (Diptera: Simuliidae) and a discussion of the phylogenetic position of the genus. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Washington 10: 193–210.Google Scholar