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Phylogenetics and molecular identification of the Ochlerotatus communis complex (Diptera: Culicidae) using DNA barcoding and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 November 2013

Hooman H. Namin ,
Mahmood Iranpour  and
Barbara J. Sharanowski
Hooman H. Namin*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3 T 2N2
Mahmood Iranpour
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3 T 2N2
Barbara J. Sharanowski
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3 T 2N2
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: umhosseh@cc.umanitoba.ca).
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Abstract

The Ochlerotatus communis (De Geer, 1776) complex consists of four cryptic mosquito species in North America, including: O. communis, Ochlerotatus churchillensis (Ellis and Brust, 1973), Ochlerotatus nevadensis (Chapman and Barr, 1964), and Ochlerotatus tahoensis (Dyar, 1916). Most of the morphological characters used for the identification of these species are quantitative and overlap across species. Here we evaluated the efficacy of DNA barcoding for identification of three members of the communis complex (O. nevadensis is not included in this study) and developed diagnostic restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns for O. communis and O. churchillensis. A phylogeny of 23 Ochlerotatus Lynch Arribálzaga, 1891 species was inferred using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene sequences. All species included in our analysis within the O. communis complex were delineated using cytochrome c oxidase subunit I barcodes. However, this complex was recovered as paraphyletic with respect to Ochlerotatus abserratus (Felt and Young, 1904) and Ochlerotatus implicatus (Vockeroth, 1954), indicating the need for increased genetic and taxonomic sampling to infer the phylogenetic relationships of these taxa. The RFLP profile for multiple field specimens of O. communis was distinct from all RFLP patterns for O. churchillensis, and this method can be used as an efficient molecular method for the identification these species.

Résumé

Le complexe d’Ochlerotatus communis (De Geer, 1776) comprend quatre espèces cryptiques de moustiques, soit O. communis, O. churchillensis (Ellis et Brust, 1973), O. nevadensis (Chapman et Barr, 1964) et O. tahoensis (Dyar, 1916). La plupart des caractères morphologiques utilisés pour l'identification de ces espèces sont quantitatifs et il y a du recoupement entre les espèces. Nous évaluons l'efficacité de la codification à barres d'ADN pour l'identification de trois membres du complexe de communis (O. nevadensis n'est pas inclus dans notre étude) et mettons au point des patrons RFLP pour O. communis et O. churchillensis. Nous avons déduit une phylogénie de 23 espèces d’Ochlerotatus Lynch Arribálzaga, 1891 à partir des séquences du gène mitochondrial de la sous-unité I de la cytochrome c oxydase. Il a été possible de délimiter toutes les espèces du complexe de communis incluses dans notre analyse à l'aide des codes de barres de COI. Cependant le complexe s'est avéré paraphylétique en ce qui a trait à O. abserratus (Felt et Young, 1904) et O. implicatus (Vockeroth, 1954), ce qui indique qu'il faudra un plus important échantillonnage génétique et taxonomique afin de déduire les relations phylogénétiques de ces taxons. Le profil RFLP de nombreux échantillons de terrain d’O. communis se distingue des patrons RFLP d’O. churchillensis et la méthode peut servir d'outil moléculaire efficace pour l'identification de ces espèces.

Type
Behaviour and Ecology
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 146 , Issue 1 , February 2014 , pp. 26 - 35
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2013 

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Footnotes

Subject editor: Patrice Bouchard

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