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Spatial and temporal distribution of winged aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) frequenting blueberry fields in southwestern British Columbia and implications for the spread of Blueberry scorch virus1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2012

D.A. Raworth ,
C.-K. Chan ,
R.G. Foottit  and
E. Maw
D.A. Raworth*
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 1000, Agassiz, British Columbia, Canada V0M 1A0
C.-K. Chan
Affiliation:
27 West 22nd Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V5Y 2E9
R.G. Foottit
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Central Experimental Farm, KW Neatby Building, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0C6
E. Maw
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Central Experimental Farm, KW Neatby Building, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0C6
*
2Corresponding author (e-mail: raworthd@agr.gc.ca).
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Abstract

Alate aphids were sampled in five fields of commercial blueberry, Vaccinium corymbosum L. (Ericaceae), during 2001 and 2002 using yellow tile, green tile, and Tremclad® yellow water traps. Eighty-seven species were identified among a total of 7722 alatae. Several of the species are known virus vectors, including Aphis fabae Scopoli, Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach), Hyalopterus pruni (Geoffroy), Hyperomyzus lactucae (L.), Myzus persicae (Sulzer), Rhopalosiphoninus staphyleae (Koch), and Rhopalosiphum padi (L.). The number of species caught varied with year, and the number of species and the total number of alatae varied with field, trap colour, and season. More species were caught in 2001 than in 2002, in yellow than in green traps, and in the summer than in the spring or the autumn, and more alatae were caught in Tremclad® yellow traps than in yellow or green tile traps, and in the autumn than in the spring or the summer. However, numerous interactions limit generalizations. Analyses of the data for individual species revealed similar patterns and interactions. The effects of year, field, trap colour, and season varied with species. Given nonpersistent virus transmission and the large numbers of alatae caught of species that are known virus vectors, there is considerable potential for spread of Blueberry scorch virus by migrant aphids. Field- or area-specific and season-specific control strategies could be developed once the virus vector status of the different species is known. In addition, given the number of significant interactions observed in the data, there is a need to investigate alternative, generalized approaches to reducing virus transmission rates, such as applying whitewash or kaolin particle film to blueberry leaves.

Résumé

Nous avons échantillonné les pucerons ailés dans cinq bleuetières commerciales à Vaccinium corymbosum L. (Ericaceae) en 2001 et 2002 à l'aide de tuiles jaunes, de tuiles vertes et de pièges à eau jaunes TremcladMD. Nous avons identifié 87 espèces parmi un total de 7722 pucerons ailés. Certaines des espèces, telles qu'Aphis fabae Scopoli, Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach), Hyalopterus pruni (Geoffroy), Hyperomyzus lactucae (L.), Myzus persicae (Sulzer), Rhopalosiphoninus staphyleae (Koch) et Rhopalosiphum padi (L.), sont connues comme des vecteurs de virus. Le nombre d'espèces capturées varie d'une année à l'autre et les nombres d'espèces et de pucerons ailés varient en fonction de la bleuetière, de la couleur du piège et de la saison. Nous avons capturé plus d'espèces en 2001 qu'en 2002, plus dans les pièges jaunes que dans les verts, et plus en été qu'au printemps ou en automne; nos récoltes de pucerons ailés étaient plus importantes dans les pièges TremcladMD jaunes que sur les tuiles jaunes ou vertes et plus importantes en automne qu'au printemps et en été. Cependant, les nombreuses interactions limitent les généralisations possibles. Les analyses des patrons des espèces individuelles indiquent des patrons et des interactions semblables. Les effets de l'année, de la bleuetière, de la couleur du piège et de la saison varient d'une espèce à l'autre. Étant donné la transmission non persistante des virus et les nombres élevés de pucerons ailés d'espèces reconnues comme vecteurs de virus, il y a une forte probabilité de transmission du virus de la brunissure nécrotique du bleuet par les pucerons en migration. Une fois connu le statut des différentes espèces comme vecteurs de virus, il sera possible d'élaborer des stratégies de lutte en fonction des bleuetières, des régions et des saisons. De plus, à cause des nombreuses interactions observées dans les données, il faudra examiner des stratégies générales de rechange pour réduire les taux de transmission des virus, telles que l'application de chaux ou d'un film de particules de kaolin sur les feuilles.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 138 , Issue 1: Adaptations and Constraints: a Symposium in Honour of Richard Ring / Adaptations et contraintes : un symposium en l'honneur de Richard Ring , February 2006 , pp. 104 - 113
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2006

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Footnotes

1

Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre contribution 714.

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