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SURVIVAL OF PUPAE OF HELIOTHIS VIRESCENS AND HELIOTHIS ZEA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) AT LOW TEMPERATURES1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Joseph E. Eger Jr. ,
John A. Witz ,
Albert W. Hartstack Jr.  and
Winfield L. Sterling
Joseph E. Eger Jr.
Affiliation:
Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
John A. Witz
Affiliation:
Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
Albert W. Hartstack Jr.
Affiliation:
Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
Winfield L. Sterling
Affiliation:
Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
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Abstract

Mortality of diapausing and non-diapausing pupae of Heliothis virescens (Fabricius) and H. zea (Boddie) at low temperatures was assessed in the laboratory. Comparison of the exposure time necessary to induce 50% mortality (LT50) indicated that survival of diapausing pupae was significantly higher than that of non-diapausing pupae. Similar comparisons showed no consistent significant differences in mortality of pupae from different geographic locations within Texas or in pupae preconditioned in several different ways. One exception was the response of pupae of H. virescens preconditioned to varying temperatures. This type of preconditioning appeared to increase the cold-hardiness of pupae at subfreezing temperatures. Contact moisture significantly decreased LT50 values of pupae of both species at sub-zero temperatures. Predictive models for low temperature mortality were developed for dry, diapausing pupae.

Résumé

La mortalité de chrysalides diapausantes et non-diapausantes d'Heliothis virescens (Fabricius) et de H. zea (Boddie) a été étudiée à basse température au laboratoire. La comparaison du temps d'exposition pouvant causer 50% de mortalité (TL50) a montré que la survie de chrysalides diapausantes est significativement plus élevée que celle de chrysalides non-diapausantes. Des comparaisons semblables n'ont pu montrer de différences significatives cohérentes entre différentes localités géographiques du Texas, ou pour des chrysalides ayant été exposées à différents types de préconditionnement. La réponse de chrysalides d'H. virescens préconditionnées à des températures qui variaient a fait exception. Ce préconditionnement a apparemment eu pour effet d'augmenter la résistance au froid des chrysalides aux températures sous le point de congélation. L'humidité de contact a diminué significativement les valeurs du TL50 des chrysalides des 2 espèces à des températures sous-zéro. Des modèles prévisionnels de la mortalité à basse température ont été développés pour des chrysalides diapausantes au sec.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 114 , Issue 4 , April 1982 , pp. 289 - 301
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1982

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