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SUSCEPTIBILITIES OF SPECIES AND CULTIVARS OF CANOLA AND MUSTARD TO INFESTATION BY ROOT MAGGOTS (DELIA SPP.) (DIPTERA: ANTHOMYIIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

L.M. Dosdall ,
M.J. Herbut  and
N.T. Cowle
L.M. Dosdall
Affiliation:
Alberta Environmental Centre, PO Box 4000, Vegreville, Alberta, Canada T9C 1T4
M.J. Herbut
Affiliation:
Alberta Environmental Centre, PO Box 4000, Vegreville, Alberta, Canada T9C 1T4
N.T. Cowle
Affiliation:
Alberta Environmental Centre, PO Box 4000, Vegreville, Alberta, Canada T9C 1T4
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Abstract

Four species of Cruciferae [canola species Brassica rapa L. and Brassica napus L., and mustard species Brassica juncea (L.) and Sinapis alba L.], and various cultivars of each species, were evaluated for susceptibilities to infestation by Delia spp. (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) under field conditions in central Alberta, Canada. Susceptibility was measured throughout the season by recording numbers of eggs of Delia spp. laid on or near individual plants, and at the end of the season by a semi-quantitative determination of injury inflicted by larvae on taproots. Differences in susceptibility occurred among and within canola and mustard species. Plants of B. rapa were most susceptible to Delia spp.; both mean eggs per plant and mean damage ratings per plant on B. rapa significantly exceeded those of all other species studied. Intermediate susceptibility was observed for plants of B. napus and B. juncea; plants of S. alba were least susceptible. In general, differences in susceptibility were greater among species than among cultivars within species. Root damage generally correlated with oviposition among and within species, suggesting that the mechanism of resistance by cruciferous species to infestation by Delia spp. is antixenosis or nonpreference. Results of this study indicate that canola growers in regions infested annually by high population densities of Delia spp. should seed B. napus or B. juncea rather than B. rapa. However, if a short growing season necessitates seeding B. rapa, then growers should select the more resistant cultivars of this species.

Résumé

La sensibilité aux infestations de Delia spp. (Diptera : Anthomyiidae) dans des conditions naturelles a été évaluée chez quatre espèces de crucifères [deux canolas, Brassica rapa L. et Brassica napus L., et deux moutardes, Brassica juncea (L.) et Sinapis alba L.] et chez divers cultivars de chaque espèces dans le centre de l’Alberta, Canada. La sensibilité a été mesurée durant toute la saison par dénombrement des oeufs pondus par Delia spp. sur des plants particuliers ou près de ces plants, et à la fin de la saison par détermination semi-quantitative des blessures infligées par les larves aux racines. La sensibilité variait d’une espèce à l’autre de canola ou de moutarde. Les plants de B. rapa étaient les plus sensibles aux infestations de Delia spp.; le nombre moyen d’oeufs par plant et la valeur moyenne des dommages infligés aux plants de B. rapa excédaient signif icativement ceux de toutes les autres espèces étudiées. La sensibilité dans plants de B. napus et de B. juncea était intermédiaire et ce sont les plants de S. alba qui se sont avérés le moins sensibles. En général, les différences dans la sensibilité aux infestations étaient plus grandes entre les espèces qu’entre les cultivars d’une même espèce. Les dommages aux racines étaient généralement en corrélation avec la ponte chez les différentes espèces, ce qui semble indiquer que le mécanisme de résistance des crucifères aux infestations de Delia spp. en est un d’antixénose ou de non préférence. Les résultats de l’étude indiquent que les cultivateurs de canola dans les régions infestées chaque année par de fortes populations de Delia spp. devraient semer B. napus ou B. juncea plutôt que B. rapa. Cependant, si la courte durée de la saison de croissance nécessite l’utilisation deB. rapa, les cultivateurs devraient alors choisir les cultivars les plus résistants de l’espèce.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 126 , Issue 2 , April 1994 , pp. 251 - 260
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1994

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