Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-ndw9j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-14T22:52:52.684Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

TISSUE PREFERENCE AND DAMAGE BY FENUSA PUSILLA AND MESSA NANA (HYMENOPTERA: TENTHREDINIDAE), LEAF-MINING SAWFLIES ON WHITE BIRCH (BETULA PAPYRIFERA)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Rosemarie A. DeClerck  and
Joseph D. Shorthouse
Rosemarie A. DeClerck
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6
Joseph D. Shorthouse*
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6
*
2 Author to whom correpondences hould be addressed.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Fenusa pusilla (Lepeletier) and Messa nana Klug coexist on white birch near Sudbury, ON. Both species often oviposit simultaneously, but their mines are spatially separated because of differences in ovipositional behavior. Most first-generation F. pusilla oviposit in unfolding leaves arising from currently expanding shoots situated distally on the branch, whereas M. nana oviposits in fully expanded leaves arising from older shoots situated proximally on the branch. Leaf tissues damaged by oviposition and larval feeding were examined. Larvae of F. pusilla consume both palisade and spongy mesophyll, whereas larvae of M. nana consume only palisade. It is suggested that F. pusilla develops faster than M. nana because it feeds on leaves of greater nutritional value and digests more cellular components.

Résumé

Fenusa pusilla (Lepeletier) et Messa nana Klug coexistent sur le bouleau blanc près de Sudbury, Ontario. Souvent les deux expèces ovipositent simultanément, mais leurs mines sont séparées à cause de différences dans leur compartement durant l'oviposition. La majorité des premieres générations de F. pusilla ovipositent sur des feuilles dépliées provenant de jeunes pousses localisées sur la partie distale de la branche tandis que, M. nana oviposte sur des feuilles matures provenant de pousses plus vieilles situées sur la partie proximale de la branche. Les tissus de la feuille, endommagés par l'oviposition et l'alimentation des larves ont été examines. Les larves de F. pusilla consomment la couche palissadique et le mésophylle spongieux alors que les larves de M. nana consomment seulement la couche palissadique. Nous suggésons que F. pusilla se développe plus rapidement que M. nana parce qu'elle se nourrit de feuilles de plus grande value nutritive et digère plus de constituents cellulaires.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 117 , Issue 3 , March 1985 , pp. 351 - 362
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1985

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Amiro, B.D. and Courtin, G.M.. 1981. Patterns of vegetation in the vicinity of an industrially disturbed ecosystem, Sudbury, Ontario. Can. J. Bot. 59: 1623–1639.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carleton, M. 1939. The biology of Pontania proxima Lep., the bean gall sawfly of willows. J. Linn. Soc. Lond. 40: 575–624.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chabot, B.F. and Hicks, D.J.. 1982. The ecology of leaf life spans. A. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 13: 229–259.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cheng, H.H. and LeRoux, E.J.. 1965. Life history and habits of the birch leaf miner, Fenusa pusilla (Lepeletier) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), on blue birch, Betula caerulea grandis Blanchard, Morgan Arboretum, Quebec, 1964. Ann. ent. Soc. Queb. 10: 173–188.Google Scholar
DeClerck, R.A. 1984. The ecology of Fenusa pusilla (Lepeletier) and Messa nana Klug: two leaf-mining sawflies on the white birch of Sudbury, Ontario. Unpub. Hon. B.Sc. Thesis, Laurentian Univ. 41 pp.Google Scholar
Drouin, J.A. and Wong, H.R.. 1984. Birch leaf-mining sawflies in Alberta (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Environ. Can., Can. For. Serv., North. For. Res. Cent, Inf. Rep. NOR-X-260. 13 pp. Edmonton, AB.Google Scholar
Engelbrecht, L., Orban, U., and Heese, W.. 1969. Leafminer caterpillars and cytokinins in the “green islands” of autumn leaves. Nature, Lond. 223: 319–321.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Farrell, G.S. and New, T.R.. 1980. Some aspects of the biology of the eucalypt-mining sawfly Phylacteophaga froggatti Riek (Hymenoptera: Pergidae). Aust. J. Zool. 28: 83–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feeny, P.P. 1970. Seasonal changes in oak leaf tannins and nutrients as a cause of spring feeding by winter moth caterpillars. Ecology 51: 565–581.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friend, R.B. 1931. The life history and control of the birch leaf-mining sawfly, Fenusa pumila Klug. J. econ. Ent. 24: 171–177.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friend, R.B. 1933. Birch leaf-mining sawfly, Fenusa pumila Klug. Conn. agric. Exp. Stn. Bull. (New Haven) 348: 291–364.Google Scholar
Haukioja, E. 1974. Measuring consumption in Eriocrania (Eriocraniidae, Lep.) miners with reference to interaction between the leaf and the miner. Rep. Kevo Subarct. Res. Stn. 11: 16–21.Google Scholar
Haukioja, E. and Niemela, P.. 1979. Birch leaves as a resource for herbivores: seasonal occurrence of increased resistance in foliage after mechanical damage of adjacent leaves. Oecologia (Berl.) 39: 151–159.Google Scholar
Hering, E.M. 1951. Biology of the Leaf Miners. Junk, The Hague. 420 pp.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jensen, W.A. 1962. Botanical Histochemistry. Freeman, San Francisco. 408 pp.Google Scholar
Jones, J.M. and Raske, A.G.. 1976. Notes on the biology of the birch leafminer, Fenusa pusilla (Lep.), in Newfoundland (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Phytoprotection. 57(2): 69–76.Google Scholar
Lindquist, O.H. 1959. A key to the larvae of leaf-mining sawflies on birch in Ontario with notes on their biology. Can. Ent. 91: 625–627.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Linquist, O.H. and Thomson, M.J.. 1970. The biology of a birch leaf miner, Messa nana (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), new to Canada. Can. Ent. 102: 108–111.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Macdonald, A.D. and Mothersill, D.H.. 1983. Shoot development in Betula papyrifera. I. Short-shoot organogenesis. Can. J. Bot. 61: 3049–3065.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Macdonald, A.D., Mothersill, D.H., and Caesar, J.C.. 1984. Shoot development in Betula papyrifera. III. Long-shoot organogenesis. Can. J. Bot. 62: 437–445.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCalla, D.R., Genthe, M.K., and Hovanitz, W.. 1962. Chemical nature of an insect gall growth factor. Pl. Physiol. 37: 98–103.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Meyer, J. and Maresquelle, H.J.. 1983. Anatomie des Galles. Gebruder Borntraeger, Berlin. 662 pp.Google Scholar
Needham, J.G., Frost, S.W., and Tothill, B.H.. 1928. Leaf-mining insects. Bailliere, Tindall and Cox, London. 351 pp.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O'Brien, T.P. and McCully, M.E.. 1981. The study of plant structure: principles and selected methods. Termacarphi Pty. Ltd., Melbourne.Google Scholar
Rohfritsch, O. and Shorthouse, J.D.. 1982. Insect galls. pp. 131–152 in Kahl, G. and Schell, J.S. (Eds.), Molecular Biology of Plant Tumors. Academic Press, NY. 617 pp.Google Scholar
Rose, A.H. and Lindquist, O.H.. 1982. Insects of eastern hardwood trees. Supply and Services, Government of Canada, Ottawa. 304 pp.Google Scholar
Schultz, J.C., Nothnagle, P.J., and Baldwin, I.T.. 1982. Seasonal and individual variation in leaf quality of two northern hardwoods tree species. Am. J. Bot. 69(5): 753–759.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sehgal, V.K. 1971. Biology and host-plant relationships of an oligophagous leafminer Phytomyza matricariae Hendel (Diptera: Agromyzidae). Quaest. ent. 7: 255–280.Google Scholar
Smith, E.L. 1970. Biosystematics and morphology of symphyta. II. Biology of gall-making nematine sawflies in the California region. Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 63(1): 36–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, D.R. 1971. Nearctic sawflies, III. Heterarthrinae: Adults and larvae (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). U.S. Dep. Agric. Tech. Bull. 1420. 84 pp.Google Scholar
Story, R.N., Robinson, W.H., Pienkowski, R.L., and Kok, L.T.. 1979. The biology and immature stages of Taphrocerus schaefferi, a leaf-miner of yellow nutsedge. Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 72: 93–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tuomi, J., Niemela, P., and Mannila, R.. 1981. Leaves as islands: interactions of Scolioneura betuleti (Hymenoptera) miners in birch leaves. Oikos 37: 146–152.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Winterhalder, K. 1984. Environmental degradation and rehabilitation in the Sudbury area. Laurentian Univ. Rev. 16(2): 15–47.Google Scholar