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TOWARDS PHEROMONE-BASED DETECTION OF LYMANTRIA MONACHA (LEPIDOPTERA: LYMANTRIIDAE) IN NORTH AMERICA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

P. Morewood ,
G. Gries ,
D. Häußler ,
K. Möller ,
J. Liska ,
P. Kapitola  and
H. Bogenschütz
P. Morewood
Affiliation:
Centre for Environmental Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Bumaby, British Columbia, Canada VSA 1S6
G. Gries*
Affiliation:
Centre for Environmental Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Bumaby, British Columbia, Canada VSA 1S6
D. Häußler
Affiliation:
Landesforstanstalt Eberswalde, Alfred-Möller-Straβe 1, 16225 Eberswalde, Germany
K. Möller
Affiliation:
Landesforstanstalt Eberswalde, Alfred-Möller-Straβe 1, 16225 Eberswalde, Germany
J. Liska
Affiliation:
Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Jiloviste-Strnady, 15604 Praha 5 - Zbraslav, Czech Republic
P. Kapitola
Affiliation:
Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Jiloviste-Strnady, 15604 Praha 5 - Zbraslav, Czech Republic
H. Bogenschütz
Affiliation:
Brunnstubenstraβe 31, 791 11 Freiburg, Germany
*
1Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed (E-mail: gries@sfu.ca).
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Abstract

The research objective of this study was to develop a pheromone-based detection system for the nun moth, Lymantria monacha (Linnaeus), an important defoliator of spruce, Picea A. Dietrich, and pine, Pinus Linnaeus (Pinaceae), forests in central Europe. In northeastern Germany, comparative analyses of rubber- and polyurethane-based dispensers impregnated with a 20:20:1 blend of (±)-disparlure (cis-7,8-epoxy-2-methyloctadecane), (±)-monachalure (cis-7,8-epoxy-octadecane), and 2-methyl-Z7-octadecene revealed that polyurethane-based dispensers afforded higher captures of male L. monacha. Species specificity and optimal dose of the pheromone dispenser were tested in deciduous rather than coniferous forests in central Europe to better reflect nonhabitat settings, such as North American ports, in which detection surveys would be conducted. Baiting Unitraps with 2, 20, 200, or 2000 μg [based on (±)-disparlure] of the L. monacha volatile blend resulted in increasing, species-specific captures of male L. monacha with increasing volatile dose. (±)-Disparlure, previously used for detection of L. monacha, tested at the same four doses indiscriminately attracted male L. monacha and male Lymantria dispar (Linnaeus). Polyurethane-based dispensers loaded with at least 200 μg of the L. monacha volatile blend are recommended for sensitive detection surveys of L. monacha in North America.

Résumé

Au cours de cette étude, nous avions pour objectif de mettre au point un système de détection de la Nonne, Lymantria monacha (Linnée), à base de phéromones; cet insecte est un défoliateur important des forêts d’épinettes, Picea A. Dietrich et de pins, Pinus Linnée (Pinaceae), en Europe centrale. Dans le nord-est de l’Allemagne, des analyses comparatives de systèmes à base de caoutchouc ou de polyuréthane imbibés d’un mélange 20 : 20 : 1 de (±)-disparlure (cis-7,8-époxy-2-méthyloctadécane), de (±)-monachalure (cis-7,8-époxy-octadécane) et de 2-méthyl-Z7-octadécène, ont révélé que les pièges à base de polyuréthane capturaient plus de mâles de L. monacha. La spécificité du piège à phéromone et la dose optimale à utiliser ont été vérifiées dans des forêts décidues plutôt que des forêts de conifères d’Europe centrale, parce que ces forêts reflètent mieux les conditions d’habitats inusités, comme par exemple les ports nord-américains, où seront faits les repérages. À l’installation de pièges à appâts (Unitraps) garnis de 2, 20, 200 ou 2000 μg d’un extrait volatile [à base de (±)-disparlure] de L. monacha, le nombre de captures spécifiques de mâles de L. monacha augmentait en fonction de la dose du mélange. Le (±)-disparlure, utilisé précédemment pour attirer des L. monacha et testé aux quatre mêmes doses, attirait tout aussi bien des mâles de L. dispar (Linnée) que des mâles de L. monacha. Nous recommandons donc l’utilisation de pièges à base de polyuréthane imbibés d’au moins 200 μg d’extrait volatile de L. monacha pour repérer la présence de la Nonne L. monacha en Amérique du Nord.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 131 , Issue 5 , October 1999 , pp. 687 - 694
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1999

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