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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 07 November 2014
The results of the seventh census of population in Canada, taken as of June 1, 1931, are comprised in 14 octavo volumes, of which all except the final volume of maps and graphs and certain monographs to be included in the two volumes of census monographs, have been issued. The present review is confined to the population census proper, including, however, the topics of gainful occupations, earnings, and unemployment; on the other hand, agriculture, merchandising and services, and institutions are omitted. In other words, the present review is limited to volumes I-VII, together with those monographs included in volumes XII and XIII which treat the topics of these seven volumes, so far as the monographs themselves have been issued. The advantage of considering the monographs in connection with the corresponding topics of the census itself is obvious, since the detailed analytical treatment of the former helps to throw into clear light the census findings and adds materially to the value of the results.
An outline of the contents of the several volumes may help to give perspective to the whole subject. Volume I contains, in addition to the administrative summary of the work of the census, a brief analysis and comment on each of the major subjects covered by the census, together with a selection of tables on all topics; the text covering 344 pages and the tables 1,177 pages. Volumes II-VII are devoted to tabular matter; volume II to population figures for local subdivisions, with details by sex, age, etc., for these areas; volume III to age classifications; volume IV to “cross classifications,” e.g. birthplace with racial origin, literacy, religion, etc.; volume V to wage-earners, earnings, families, and housing; volume VI to unemployment; and volume VII to occupation and industry.
1 Monograph no. 2 has been supplied in page proof through the courtesy of Mr. R. H. Coats, Dominion Statistician.
2 Vol. I, pp. 29-96.
3 The most thorough test of this character with which the writer is familiar is the name-for-name check of birth records with census schedules for children under one year of age in the District of Columbia at the time of the 1920 census. On the basis of this test a correction was made in the results of the census correponding to a 9 per cent deficiency in the case of whites and a 25 per cent deficiency in the case of coloured (see United States Abridged Life Tables, 1919-1920, U.S. Bureau of the Census, Washington, Government Printing Office, 1923, p. 9).Google Scholar
4 Neither the monograph on Growth of Population (no. 1) nor that on Fertility (no. 3) was available to the reviewer.
5 S. A. Cudmore and H. G. Caldwell, Rural and Urban Composition of the Canadian Population.
6 Murdoch C. MacLean, The Age Distribution of the Canadian People. Examined in page proof supplied through the courtesy of R. H. Coats, Dominion Statistician.
7 But cf., Hurd, W. Burton, “Some Implications of Prospective Population Changes in Canada” (Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, vol. V, Nov., 1939, pp. 492–503).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8 The explanation of the standard age given (page proof) on page 24 is inaccurate. “The standard age was measured by squaring the different quinquennial groups for 25 to 64, averaging these squares and extracting the square root.” Cf., “standard age is the root mean square deviation from age 24 of the population 25-64” (Appendix).
9 W. Burton Hurd, Racial Origins and Nativity of the Canadian People.
10 The census figures are altered more than 10 per cent in five instances, as follows: Russian –32 per cent, Yugoslav + 30 percent, Rumanian –25 per cent, German + 16 per cent, Czechoslovak + 12 per cent; in four cases between 4 and 10 per cent, Ukrainian (+9), Bulgarian (+7), Polish (–6), and Finnish (–4).
11 With respect to the particular infant's chances of life, certain factors which are associated in some cases with high or low fertility come into consideration, e.g. (1) order of birth, (2) age of mother, (3) interval since preceding birth, and (4) interval before a succeeding birth if within one year; also, the possible effect of a death influencing the parents to have another child to replace the loss.
12 Murdoch C. MacLean, Illiteracy and School Attendance.
13 J. E. Robbins, Dependency of Youth.
14 Not available to the reviewer.
15 In Quebec, 25 per cent, and in New Brunswick 34 per cent, were so classed, as compared with an average of 21 per cent for Canada (Unemployment monograph no. 11, p. 44).
16 League of Nations, Committee of Statistical Experts, Report to the Council on the Work of the Sixth Session held in Geneva from 19 to 24 April, 1937 (L.O.N. Publications, II, Economic and Financial, 1937, II.A.5).
17 M. C. MacLean, A. H. Le Neveu, W. C. Tedford and N. Keyfitz, Unemployment.
18 A. J. Pelletier, F. D. Thompson and A. Rochon, The Canadian Family.
19 Ibid.
20 Not available to the reviewer.
21 Series of League of Nations Publications, II, Economic and Financial, 1938, II.A.7.