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Status Epilepticus: A Review, With Emphasis on Refractory Cases

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 December 2014

Gary Hunter  and
G. Bryan Young
Gary Hunter*
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
G. Bryan Young
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
*
112, 3502 Taylor St E, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7H 5H9, Canada.
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Abstract

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Status epilepticus is among the most dramatic of clinical presentations encountered by emergency room physicians, neurologists, neurosurgeons and intensivists. While progress in its management has been aided significantly with an increasing number of effective treatment options, improved diagnostic methods and more effective monitoring, poor outcomes and diagnostic failures are still frequently encountered. Refractory cases still carry significant morbidity and mortality rates, including poor cognitive outcomes. This review discusses basic pathophysiology and management of status epilepticus, neuroimaging findings, the role of continuous electroencephalogram monitoring and nonconvulsive status epilepticusas well as recent developments in treatment options for refractory cases.

Type
Review Article
Information
Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences , Volume 39 , Issue 2 , March 2012 , pp. 157 - 169
Copyright
Copyright © The Canadian Journal of Neurological 2012

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