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L'efficacité de l'échantillonnage passif pour obtenir un portrait représentatif de l'électorat: Le cas de Vote au pluriel – Québec

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 March 2015

Charles Tessier ,
Marc André Bodet  and
François Gélineau
Charles Tessier*
Affiliation:
(Université Laval)
Marc André Bodet*
Affiliation:
(Université Laval)
François Gélineau*
Affiliation:
(Université Laval)
*
Candidat au doctorat, Université Laval, Département de science politique, Pavillon Charles-De Koninck, 1030 Avenue des Sciences-Humaines, Québec, G1V 0A6. E-mail: charles.tessier.1@ulaval.ca
Professeur adjoint, Université Laval, Département de science politique, Pavillon Charles-De Koninck, 1030 Avenue des Sciences-Humaines, Québec, G1V 0A6. E-mail: marcandre.bodet@pol.ulaval.ca
Professeur agrégé, Université Laval, Département de science politique, Pavillon Charles-De Koninck, 1030 Avenue des Sciences-Humaines, Québec, G1V 0A6. E-mail: francois.gelineau@pol.ulaval.ca
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Abstract

The use of active sampling methods for online surveys is generally considered superior to passive sampling methods, both for recruiting new participants and in terms of sample representativity. In active sampling, specialized firms contact respondents directly, whereas in passive sampling participants are required to visit a Web platform and complete the survey on their own, without being directly recruited to do so. In this article, we evaluate the relative efficiency of passive sampling in the context of the Web experiment Votes Quebec, which was conducted during the 2012 Quebec provincial election. This project had a media outreach dimension whose goal was to increase the number of participants and to increase the representativity of the sample. Our results suggest that the media outreach had a significant but limited impact on these two dimensions. The results also show that passive sampling was less efficient than active sampling at generating a truly representative sample. However, our analyses show that a better and more intensive use of traditional medias may lessen the digital divide often observed in these contexts and improve the representativity of the final sample.

Résumé

On estime généralement que l'utilisation d'une méthode d’échantillonnage actif pour la conduite de sondage Internet est plus efficace que l'utilisation d’échantillonnage passif, autant en ce qui a trait au recrutement des participants que de la représentativité de l’échantillon. Dans le premier cas, des firmes spécialisées contactent directement des répondants, alors que dans le deuxième cas les participants doivent se rendre par eux-mêmes sur une plate-forme de sondage en ligne. Dans cet article, nous évaluons empiriquement l'efficacité relative d'une stratégie d’échantillonnage passif à l'aide d'une campagne médiatique mise en place dans le cadre de l'expérience Web Vote au pluriel – Québec. Cette stratégie avait pour objectif d'augmenter le nombre de participants et d'améliorer la représentativité de l’échantillon obtenu par échantillonnage passif. Nos résultats suggèrent que la stratégie a eu un impact significatif, mais limité, sur le recrutement des participants. De plus, la représentativité de l’échantillon complet comprend d'importantes lacunes, surtout lorsque celui-ci est comparé à un échantillon Web obtenu par échantillonnage actif. Nos analyses démontrent cependant que l'utilisation des médias traditionnels, dans le cadre d'une stratégie plus large, pourrait diminuer l'impact négatif du digital divide, qui nuit à la représentativité des échantillons récoltés sur le Web.

Type
Research Article
Information
Canadian Journal of Political Science/Revue canadienne de science politique , Volume 47 , Issue 4 , December 2014 , pp. 697 - 715
Copyright
Copyright © Canadian Political Science Association (l'Association canadienne de science politique) and/et la Société québécoise de science politique 2015 

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