Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-8bhkd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-14T05:45:05.783Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Spiral to Recovery: An Australian Model for Therapeutic Residential Care

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 September 2015

Laurel Downey*
Affiliation:
CEO, Catalyst child and family services, QueenslandAustralia
Jon Jago
Affiliation:
Formerly Manager of Operations, Catalyst child and family services, QueenslandAustralia
Shanelle Poppi
Affiliation:
Manager of Clinical Programs, Catalyst child and family services, QueenslandAustralia
*
address for correspondence: Laurel Downey, c/- PO Box 4652, Cairns, Qld, 4870. E-mail: laurel.downey@catalystcfs.org.au

Abstract

This article gives a brief overview of the Spiral to Recovery practice framework as it is being used at Catalyst child and family services in far north Queensland. The Spiral is an evidence informed framework for therapeutic residential care (TRC), designed for children and young people with complex and extreme emotional and behavioural difficulties who reside in out-of-home care (OOHC) placements. The Spiral is a stage-based framework where the initial aim is to establish actual and felt safety before young people meet the challenges of healing and growth. The framework rests on a theoretical base of trauma, attachment and socialisation theories. The article also describes how the Spiral framework has been implemented at Catalyst, demonstrating the need for congruence between organisational and practice frameworks.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s) 2015 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ainsworth, F., & Maluccio, A. (2006). Family foster care: Development or decline? Adoption and Fostering, 30 (4), 2025.Google Scholar
Ainsworth, F., & Thoburn, J. (2014). An exploration of the differential usage of residential care across national boundaries. International Journal of Social Welfare, 23 (1), 1624.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anglin, J. (2002). Pain, normality and the struggle for congruence: Reinterpreting residential care for children and youth. The Haworth Press, Also published as Residential Treatment for Children and Youth, 24 (1/2). New York, London, Oxford.Google Scholar
Anglin, J. (2014). Commentary on Jakobsen, T. Varieties of Nordic residential care: A way forward for institutionalised therapeutic interventions. In Whitaker, J., Valle, J. & Holmes, L. (Eds.), Therapeutic care for children and youth: developing evidence based international practice. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.Google Scholar
Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (2014). Child protection Australia:2012–13. Child Welfare series 58. Cat. No.CWS 49. Canberra: AIHW.Google Scholar
Barber, J. G. (2001). The slow demise of foster care in South Australia. Journal of Social Policy, 30 (1), 115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Becker-Weidman, A., & Shell, D. (2005). Creating capacity for attachment. Oklahoma, USA: Wood ‘N’ Barns.Google Scholar
Carter, J. (2004). Wanted: A New Vision for Foster Care. Paper for the Australian Foster Care Association Annual Conference. Canberra.Google Scholar
Cashmore, J., Paxman, M., & Townsend, M. (2007). The educational outcomes of young people 4–5 years after leaving care: An Australian perspective. Adoption and Fostering, 31 (1), 5061.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cook, A., Blaustein, M., Spinazzola, J., & van der Kolk, B. (Eds.) (2003). Complex trauma on children and adolescents. National Child Traumatic Stress Network. USA.Google Scholar
Curry, J. (1991). Outcome research on residential treatment: implications and suggested directions. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 61 (3), 348357.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Downey, L. (2012a). The spiral to recovery: A framework for the therapeutic care of children and young people. Manuscript, LaurelDowney.Google Scholar
Downey, L. (2012b). The child in context assessment (ChiCA). Manuscript, LaurelDowney.Google Scholar
Downey, L. (2013). Residential care matters: A resource for residential care workers, supervisors and managers caring for young people. Commission for children and young people. Victoria, Australia. Retrieved from http://www.ccyp.vic.gov.au/downloads/residential-care-matters.pdf.Google Scholar
FACSIA (2010). National standards for out of home care: Consultation paper. Department of Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs together with the National Framework Implementation Working Group.Google Scholar
Gilligan, R. (2014). Foreword inWhitaker, J., Valle, J., Holmes, L. (Eds.) Therapeutic care for children and youth: developing evidence based international practice. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.Google Scholar
Gilman, R., & Handwerk, M. (2001). Changes in life satisfaction as a function of stay in a residential setting. Residential Treatment for Children and Youth, 18 (4), 4765.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harder, A., & Knorth, E. (2014). Uncovering what is inside the “black box” of effective therapeutic residential care. In Whitaker, J.K., del Valle, J.F., & Holmes, L. (Eds.), Therapeutic care for children and youth: developing evidence based international practice. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.Google Scholar
Herman, J. (1992). Trauma and recovery: the aftermath of violence—from domestic abuse to political terror. New York: Perseus.Google Scholar
Hillan, L. (2008). “What happened to my family?” The place of family in residential care. Developing Practice, 20, 813.Google Scholar
Hughes, D. (1997). Facilitating developmental attachment: The road to emotional recovery and behavioural change in foster and adopted children. London: Aronson.Google Scholar
James, S. (2011). What works in group care? A structured review of treatment models for group homes and residential care. Children and Youth Services Review, 33, 301321.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knorth, E., Harder, A., Zandberg, T., & Kendrick, A. (2008). Under one roof: A review and selective meta-analysis on the outcomes of residential child and youth care. Children and Youth Services Review, 30, 123140.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, B., & Barth, R. (2014). Improving the research base for therapeutic residential care: Logistical and analytic challenges meet methodological innovations. In Whitaker, J.K., del Valle, J.F & Holmes, L. (Eds.), Therapeutic care for children and youth: developing evidence based international practice. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.Google Scholar
Lee, B., Bright, C., Svoboda, D., Fakunmoju, S., & Barth, R. (2011). Outcomes of group care for youth: A review of comparative studies. Research on Social Work Practice, 21 (2), 177189.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, B., Fakunmoju, S., Barth, R., & Walters, B. (2010). Child welfare group care literature review. Baltimore, MD: Annie E. Casey Foundation.Google Scholar
Lee, B., & Thompson, R. (2008). Examining externalising behaviour trajectories in youth in group homes: Is there evidence of peer contagion? Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 37 (1), 3144.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lieberman, R. (2004). Future directions in residential treatment. Child and Adolescent Clinics of North America, 13 (4), 279294.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pecora, P., Whitaker, J., Maluccio, A., Barth, R., & DePanfilis, D. (2009). The child welfare challenge: policy, practice and research (3rd ed.). New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers.Google Scholar
Schore, A. (1996). The experience-dependent maturation of a regulatory system in the orbital prefrontal cortex and the origin of developmental psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 8 (1), 5987.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schore, J., & Schore, A. (2008). Modern attachment theory: The central role of affect regulation in development and treatment. Clinical Social Work Journal, 36, 920.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Teather, E. (2001). A peek into the trenches: changes and challenges in residential care. Residential Treatment for Children and Youth, 19 (1), 120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Verso Consulting. (2011). Evaluation of the Therapeutic Residential Care Pilot. Programs Final Summary & Technical Report. Department of Human Services, Victoria.Google Scholar
Whitaker, J. (2000). Reinventing residential child care: An agenda for research and practice. Residential Treatment for Children and Youth, 17 (1), 1320.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whitaker, J. (2013). Children: therapeutic group care. In National association of social workers, encyclopedia of social work (online). New York: Oxford University Press. Retrieved from http://socialwork.oxfordre.com/.Google Scholar
Whitaker, J., Valle, J., & Holmes, L. (Eds.) (2014). Therapeutic care for children and youth: developing evidence based international practice. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.Google Scholar