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Some Hungarian Theologians in the Late Renaissance

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 July 2009

Z. J. Kosztolnyik
Z. J. Kosztolnyik
Affiliation:
Mr. Kosztolnyik is professor of history in Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas.
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Extract

In the latter half of the fifteenth century, during the reign of Matthias Corvinus (1458–1490), and in the early sixteenth century, some Hungarian churchmen enhanced religious scholarship in their own country and abroad by their preaching and writing. The writings of these men exemplify the development in Hungary of support for the doctrine of the Immaculate Conception. These men also spoke out against the moral and spiritual deficiencies of the court. The activities and writings of these theologians pose a challenge to the chronicler of literature and of intellectual and religious history.

Type
Research Article
Information
Church History , Volume 57 , Issue 1 , March 1988 , pp. 5 - 18
Copyright
Copyright © American Society of Church History 1988

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28. “Et Pelbartus plebians; artus nomine miles; docuit plebem, vicit et hostem, obtinet nomen; …tu nostrae decus gentis, to gloria nobis iam credita cernis, et coelum te patria tenet; et Deum cum patre Seraphico nobis ora”; quoted by Szilády, who gives the date of his death as 19 January 1504, Temesvári Pelbát élete és munkái, pp. 16, 17.

29. Pelbart, , Pomerium de sanctis, pars hyemalis (Hagenau, 1499)Google Scholar, sermo 8; Mályusz, , Egyházi társadalom a középkori Magyarországon, pp. 355–356.Google Scholar

30. See his Christmas sermon in Pomerium de sanctis, pars hyemalis, sermo 17, or sermo 69 for Good Friday; see also Toldy, Ferenc, ed., Magyar szentek legendái a carthausi névtelentöl (Lives of Hungarian saints by the Anonymous Carthusian) (Pest, 1859), pp. 3–32, 33–58.Google Scholar

31. Compare his Pomerium de sanctis, pars aestivalis, sermo 52; Vida, Teodor, “Temesvari Pelbárt kapcsolatai kora társadalmával,” (Pelbart's social contacts with his contemporaries) Vigilia 41 (1976): 671–677.Google Scholar

32. See his Pomerius de sanctis, pars aestivalis, sermo 17; Békesi, , “Magyar irók,” pp. 331–332;Google Scholar1 Stegmüller, , Repertorium biblicum medii aevi, 4:213–214Google Scholar, no. 6371, 1–4, though confusing him with Oswald de Laska!

33. Szalóczi, “Temesvári Pelbárt,” 721.

34. See Pelbart's, Pomerium de tempore (Hagenau, 1498)Google Scholar, pars paschalis, sermo 35, or his sermon on Gerard of Csanád (d. 1046) in Frigyes Brisits, ed., Temesvári Pelbárt müveiböl (Selections from the works of Pelbart of Temesvár), vol. 6, Magyar irodalmi ritkaságok (Rare pieces of Hungarian literature), ed. László Vajthó (Budapest, 1931), p. 108,Google Scholar and compare with Bole, J. and Polivka, G., Anmerkungen zu den Kinder- und Huasmärchen der Brüder Grimm, rev. ed., 5 vols. (Leipzig, 1915—), 5:176–180.Google Scholar On Gerard of Csanád, see Kosztolnyik, Z. J., Five Eleventh Century Hungarian Kings (New York, 1981), pp. 46–55, 161–167.Google Scholar

35. Compare Brisits, , Temesvári Pelbárt müveiböl, pp. 94–97;Google ScholarPüskely, Mária, Arpádházi Szent Erzsébet (St. Elizabeth of Hungary) (Rome, 1981), pp. 38–39;Google ScholarIjjas, Antal, Szentek élete (Lives of the saints), 2 vols. (Budapest, 1976), 2:111–120.Google Scholar

36. The Hagenau, 1498 edition, cited by Hain, Repertorium bibliographicum, no. 12563 (also no. 12566), or the Argentinae, 1496 edition, ibid., no. 12565. Zolnai, G., Nyelvemlékeink a könyunyomtatäs koráig (Hungarian linguistic remains prior to the age of printing) (Budapest, 1894), pp. 495–498.Google Scholar

37. His Stellarium (Hagenau, 1498), prologus; Hain, Repertorium bibliographicum, no. 12566, an earlier version is no. 12562; Dám, Ince, “Kegyosztó társa Krisztusnak,” (Mother of Christ; Co-redeemer) Vigilia 13 (1948); 1–5.Google Scholar

38. Kudora, János, A magyar katolikus egyházi beszéd irodalmának története (The development of Hungarian sermon literature) (Budapest, 1902), pp. 68–74;Google Scholar Lajos Katona and Szinnyei, Ferenc, Geschichte der ungarischen Literatur (Leipzig, 1911), pp. 16–23;Google ScholarMályusz, , Egyházi társadalom a középkori Magyarországon, p. 355;Google ScholarKlaniczay, , Irodalom, pp. 139–140.Google Scholar

39. See Horváth, János, Magyar irodalmi müveltség kezdetei (Origins of Hungarian literary culture), 2d ed. (Budapest, 1944), pp. 57–62;Google ScholarSzinnyei, József, Magyar irók élete és munkái (Lives and works of Hungarian writers), 14 vols. (Budapest, 1891–1914)Google Scholar, 10, cols. 720–730.

40. Horváth, Cyrill, “Temesvári Pelbárt beszédei,” (Sermons of Pelbart of Temesvár) Egyetemes Philológiai Közlöny, Supplementum 1 (1899); 145–164;Google ScholarMenczer, Béla, Commentary on Hungarian Literature (Castrop-Rauxel, 1956), pp. 15–16.Google Scholar

41. Stellarium (Hagenau, 1498), 7:3:2; Teetaert, A., in Dictionnaire catholique, 12,Google Scholar cols. 715–718.

42. Stellarium, 5;3; Dám, , A Szeplötelen Fogantatás védelme Magyarországon, pp. 24–32;Google ScholarDám, , “Repertorium ex operibus Pelbarti de Temesvár, O.F.M., aliorumque ab Angelo Elli Mediolanensi collectum, ” Scientiae artesque (reprint, Rome, n.d.), pp. 105–120;Google ScholarAmeri, H., Doctrina theologorum de Immaculata B. M. V. Conceptione tempore Concilii Basiliensis (Rome, 1954)Google Scholar; Aldássy, Antal, “Mária ünnepek kérdése a bázeli zsinaton,” (Questions concerning the feasts of Mary raised at the Synod of Basel) Katholikus Szemle 44 (1930); 661–669;Google Scholar Hóman and Szekfü, , Magyar történet, 4;122–123,Google Scholar on Pelbart's influence in the Baroque age.

43. de tempore, Pomerium (Hagenau, 1498)Google Scholar, pars aestiva, sermo 20; pomerii, Sermones (Norimbergae, 1486)Google Scholar; Hain, Repertorium bibliographicum, no. 12549.

44. Compare Pomerium de sanctis, pars hyemalis, sermo 29; Sermones de tempore, pars hyemalis et paschalis; Hain, Repertorium bibliographicum, no. 12550.

45. Pelbart, Pomerium de sanctis, pars aestivalis, sermo 52; Höman and Szekfü, , Magyar történet, 2:562.Google Scholar

46. Pomerium de tempore (Hagenau, 1498), pars paschalis, sermo 8; Sermones (Norimbergae, 1483); Hain, Repertorium bibliographicum, no. 12548.

47. Pomerium de tempore, pars aestiva, sermo 42; Pintér, , Magyar irodalomtörténet, 1:433–440;Google Scholar Waldapfel, “A krakkói egyetem és a magyar-lengyel szellemi élet a renaissance korban”; exchange of letters between King Matthias and Rome, in Fraknoi, Vilmos, ed., Mátyás király levelei (Correspondence of King Matthias), 2 vols. (Budapest, 1893–1895), 1:259–260, 335–336.Google Scholar

48. Pomerium de sanctis, pars hyemalis, sermo 29; Ferenc Galla, “Mátyás király és a Szentszék” (King Matthias and the Holy See), in Lukinich, Imre, ed., Mátyás király emlékkönyu születésének ötszázéves fordulójára (King Matthias memorial volume on the 500th anniversary of his birth), 2 vols. (Budapest, 1940), 1:95–169.Google Scholar Elmer Mályusz, “Matthias Corvinus,” in P. R. Rohden and Ostrogorsky, Georg, eds., Menschen die Geschichte machten, 2 vols. (Vienna, 1931), 2:187–191.Google Scholar

49. The monarch used the church as a political tool; he wrote to Pope Sixtus IV that if his Holiness were to name the new bishop of Modrus (thereby to ignore the privilege, “ius nostrum regium,” of the Hungarian king), he and the realm would secede from the church; see Marczali, Henric et al. , eds., Enchiridion fontium historiae Hungarorum (Budapest, 1901), pp. 275–276;Google Scholar compare with Bonfini, , Rerum Ungaricarum decades IV, 4:40–41,Google Scholar and with Thurócz, , Chronica, 4:67;Google Scholar and Mályusz, , Egyházi társadalom a középkori Magyarországon, pp. 296–299.Google Scholar

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