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Ageing of synthetic and natural schwertmannites at pH 2—8

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

S. Kumpulainen ,
M.-L. Räisänen ,
F. Von Der Kammer  and
T. Hofmann
S. Kumpulainen*
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, P.O. Box 64, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland Department of Environmental Geosciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
M.-L. Räisänen
Affiliation:
Geological Survey of Finland, P.O. Box 1237, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
F. Von Der Kammer
Affiliation:
Department of Environmental Geosciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
T. Hofmann
Affiliation:
Department of Environmental Geosciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
*
*E-mail: sirpa.kumpulainen@helsinki.fi
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Abstract

The transformation of schwertmannite to goethite was studied by ageing one synthetic and five natural schwertmannites in water at room temperature. Additionally, one synthetic and two natural schwertmannites were kept at variable pH (2, 4, 6 and 8). After one year, only the synthetic sample and one natural schwertmannite had transformed to goethite. However, the oxalate solubility of Fe and trace elements in all the samples decreased, whereas the total Fe/S ratios and specific surface areas of all samples increased. Arsenic and organic matter appeared to suppress the schwertmannite-to-goethite phase transformation. At pH 2, synthetic schwertmannite fully-transformed to goethite, but at pH 4–6 only minor transformation occurred. Depending on pH, many trace elements were released into solution during ageing of the natural schwertmannites. In general, Co, Mn, Zn and Si were released to solution, whereas As was enriched in the remaining iron oxide fraction. Al was dissolved at pH <4.

Keywords

schwertmannitegoethitetransformationageingpHorganic matterheavy metalsarsenicadsorptionspecific surface area
Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 43 , Issue 3 , September 2008 , pp. 437 - 448
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2008

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