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Cation ordering in cis-and trans-vacant dioctahedral smectites and its implications for growth mechanisms

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

C. Marchel  and
H. Stanjek
C. Marchel*
Affiliation:
Clay and Interface Mineralogy, Aachen University, Bunsenstr. 8, 52072 Aachen, Germany RWE Dea, Industriestraβe 2, 29323 Wietze, Germany
H. Stanjek
Affiliation:
Clay and Interface Mineralogy, Aachen University, Bunsenstr. 8, 52072 Aachen, Germany
*
*E-mail: Christian.Marchel@rwe.com
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Abstract

Different types of dioctahedral smectites (nontronite, beidellite, montmorillonite) were investigated by X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF) and Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Starting with the chemical composition of the octahedral sheet, the occupancies within the octahedral sheet were adjusted by computer simulations to fit the occupancies derived from FTIR. For both cis-and trans-vacant smectites the AlAl and FeFe pairs are mainly randomly distributed but seem to be aligned along OH-bonded directions. Relative to the chemical composition, AlFe pairs are enriched in cis-vacant smectites and depleted in nontronites. This behaviour can be explained by the necessity to dehydrate and hydrolyse cations when they become incorporated into the structure during crystal growth. The first and second hydrolysis steps are necessary for incorporating cations in trans-vacant smectites, whereas only the first hydrolysis step is necessary for cis-vacant smectites. The corresponding difference in energy may explain why mostly cis-vacant smectites occur in low-temperature environments.

Keywords

dioctahedral smectitecation orderingFTIRtrans-vacantcis-vacant
Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 47 , Issue 1 , March 2012 , pp. 105 - 115
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2012

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