Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-fbnjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T22:24:22.522Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

High-resolution transmission electron microscopy of mixed-layer clays dispersed in PVP-10: a new technique to distinguish detrital and authigenic illitic material

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

P. Uhlík ,
V. Šucha ,
F. Elsass  and
M. Čaplovičová
P. Uhlík*
Affiliation:
, Department of Geology of Mineral Deposits, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
V. Šucha
Affiliation:
, Department of Geology of Mineral Deposits, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
F. Elsass
Affiliation:
, Science du Sol, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Route de Saint-Cyr, 78026 Versailles, France
M. Čaplovičová
Affiliation:
, CLEOM, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
*
*E-mail: uhlik@fns.uniba.sk
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The results of a new technique for the measurement of the thickness distribution of fundamental particles are reported. The technique is based on high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) of Na-saturated mixed-layer illite-smectite dispersed in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP-10). Intercalation of PVP-10 increases the spacing of expandable interlayers and changes the arrangement of particles so that the number of layers per fundamental particle can be counted easily on HRTEM images. The data obtained by HRTEM on PVP-10-intercalated illite-smectite of hydrothermal origin are compared with data from the Pt-shadowing technique. A good agreement between the two methods for the measured thickness distributions, mean thickness and expandability confirms the reliability of the new technique. The same technique is applied to a set of four sedimentary samples with different expandabilities (83-18%). The thickness of illite particles from shales and claystones has a lognormal distribution. Detrital anddiscrete illite particles can be distinguished from the thickness distribution of authigenic illite.

Keywords

HRTEMpolyvinylpyrrolidonemixed-layer claysillitesmectite
Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 35 , Issue 5 , December 2000 , pp. 781 - 789
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2000

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Clauer, N., Środoń, J., Francù, J. & Šucha, V. (1997) K-Ar dating of illite fundamental particles separated from illite-smectite. Clay Miner. 32, 181–196.Google Scholar
Dudek, T. & Środoń, J. (1996) Identification of illite/smectite by X-ray powder diffraction taking into account the lognormal distribution of crystal thickness. Geol. Carpathica – Clays, 5, 21–32.Google Scholar
Eberl, D.D., Drits, V.A. & Środoń, J. (1998a) Deducing growth mechanisms for minerals from the shapes of crystal size distributions. Am. J. Sci. 298, 499–533.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eberl, D.D., Nüesch, R., Šucha, V. & Tsipursky, S. (1998b) Measurement of the thickness of fundamental illite particles by X-ray diffraction. Clays Clay Miner. 46, 89–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eberl, D.D., Środoń, J., Králik, M., Taylor, B.E. & Peterman, Z.L. (1990) Ostwald ripening of clays and metamorphic minerals. Science, 248, 474–477.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elsass, F., Środoń, J. & Robert, M. (1997) Illite-smectite alterat ion and accompanying reactions in a Pennsylvanian underclay studied by TEM. Clays Clay Miner. 45, 390–403.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elsass, F., Beaumont, A., Pernes, M., Jaunet, A.-M. & Tessier, D. (1998) Changes in layer organization of Na- and Ca-exchanged smectite materials during solvent exchanges for embedment in resin. Canad. Miner. 36, 1475–1483.Google Scholar
Frey, M. (1987) Very low-grade metamorphism of clastic sedimentary rocks. Pp. 9–57 in: Low Temperature Metamorphism (Frey, M., editor). Blackie, Glasgow and London.Google Scholar
Jackson, M.L. (1975) Soil Chemical Analysis – Advanced Course (Jackson, M.L., editor). Dept. of Soil Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.Google Scholar
Kisch, H.J. (1983) Mineralogy and petrology of burial diagenesis (burial metamorphism) and incipient metamorphism in clastic rocks. Pp. 289–493 in: Diagenesis in Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks (Larsen, G. & Chilingar, G.V., editors ). Developments in Sedimentology, 25B. Elsevier, Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Král, M., Lizoň, I. & Jančí, J. (1985) Geothermal Research of Slovakia. Manuskript, Geofond, Bratislava (in Slovak).Google Scholar
Nadeau, P.H., Tait, J.M., McHardy, W.J. & Wilson, M.J. (1984) Interstratified XRD characteristics of physical mixtures of elementary clay particles. Clay Miner. 19, 67–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pollastro, R.M. (1993) Considerations and applications of the illite/smectite geothermometer in hydrocarbon-bearing rocks of Miocene to Mississippian age. Clays Clay Miner. 41, 119–133.Google Scholar
Środoń, J. (1981) X-ray identification of randomly interstratified illite-smectite in mixtures with discrete illite. Clay Miner. 16, 297–304.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Środoń, J. & Eberl, D.D. (1984) Illite. Pp. 495–544 in: Micas (Bailey, S.W., editor). Reviews in Mineralogy, 13. Mineralogical Society of America, Washington D.C. Google Scholar
Środoń, J., Andreoli, C., Elsass, F. & Robert, M. (1990) Direct high-resolution transmission electron microscopic measurement of expandability of mixed-layer illite/smectite in bentonite rocks. Clays Clay Miner. 38, 373–379.Google Scholar
Środoń, J., Elsass, F., McHardy, W.J. & Morgan, D.J. (1992) Chemistry of illite-smectite inferred from TEM measurements of fundamental particles. Clay Miner. 27, 137–158.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Środoń, J., Eberl, D.D. & Drits, V.A. (2000) Evolution of fundamental particle size during illitization of smectite and implications for reaction mechanism. Clays Clay Miner. 48, 446–458.Google Scholar
Šucha, V., Kraus, I., Mosser, Ch., Hroncová, Z., Soboleva, K.A. & Širáňová, V. (1992) Mixed-layer illite/smectite from the Dolná Ves hydrothermal deposit, the Western Carpathians, Kremnica Mts. Geol. Carpathica – Clays, 1, 13–19.Google Scholar
Šucha, V., Środoń, J., Elsass, F. & McHardy, W.J. (1996) Particle shape versus coherent scattering domain of illite/smectite: Evidence from HRTEMof Dolná Ves clays. Clays Clay Miner. 44, 665–671.Google Scholar
Šucha, V., Elsass, F., Eberl, D.D., Kuchta, Ľ., Madejová, J., Gates, W.P. & Komadel, P. (1998) Hydrothermal synthesis of ammonium illite. Am. Miner. 83, 58–67.Google Scholar
Tessier, D. (1984) Étude experimentale de l’organisation des matériaux argileux. Dr. es Sciences thesis, Univ. Paris VII, Paris.Google Scholar