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Improved evaluation of layer charge of n-alkylammonium-treated fine soil clays by Lorentz- and polarization-correction and curve-fitting

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

H. Stanjek ,
E. A. Niederbudde  and
W. Häusler
H. Stanjek
Affiliation:
Lehrstuhl für Bodenkunde der Technischen Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
E. A. Niederbudde
Affiliation:
Lehrstuhl für Bodenkunde der Technischen Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
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Abstract

The clay mineralogy of K-fixing soils from southern Germany was investigated using the alkylammonium method. Conventional X-ray diffraction chart recordings of glycerol-saturated <0·1 µm samples showed peaks at 18 Å that were initially interpreted as smectites. However, step-scanning combined with the Lorentz- and polarization-correction and curve-fitting, revealed the presence of low- and high-charge smectites and of low- and high-charge vermiculites. The severe overlap of the 001 basal reflections of the high-charge vermiculites with the broad and intensive peaks of smectites sensu stricto prevented visual evaluation at the alkylchains nc = 5–9, but this problem was overcome by curve-fitting. The 002 peaks of high-charge vermiculites (nc = 8 and nc = 10) in the fraction 0·1–0·2 µm could furthermore be clearly resolved from the 001 peaks of illite by curve-fitting. In one example, 003 (at nc = 17) could be resolved from 001 of illite.

Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 27 , Issue 1 , March 1992 , pp. 3 - 19
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1992

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