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Hysteresis in the crystalline swelling of montmorillonite

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

B. G. Laffer ,
A. M. Posner  and
J. P. Quirk
B. G. Laffer
Affiliation:
Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia
A. M. Posner
Affiliation:
Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia
J. P. Quirk
Affiliation:
Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia
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Abstract

The crystalline swelling of sodium and potassium montmorillonites immersed respectively in solutions of sodium and potassium chloride of different concentration exhibits hysteresis in the swelling-contraction cycles. The position and extent of the hysteresis can be varied by altering the method of preparation of the clays; in all cases the hysteresis loops for potassium montmorillonite were more extensive than those for sodium montmorillonite.

The results have been explained in terms of a structural rigidity of montmorillonite crystals, where the crystals consist of five to ten aluminosilicate sheets (lamellae). The extent of hysteresis depends on this rigidity, which varies in a co-operative manner with the spacing between the lamellae in the crystal.

Electrical interactions between pairs of lamellae are also considered in analysing the swelling behaviour.

Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 6 , Issue 4 , December 1966 , pp. 311 - 321
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1966

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