Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-m6dg7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T12:28:41.478Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Identification of components in smectite/kaolinite mixtures

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

J . Madejová ,
J . Kečkéš ,
H. Pálková  and
P . Komadel
J . Madejová*
Affiliation:
Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, SK-842 36 Bratislava, Slovakia
J . Kečkéš
Affiliation:
Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, SK-842 36 Bratislava, Slovakia Erich Schmid Institute for Material Science, Austrian Academy of Sciences and Institute of Metal Physics, University of Leoben, Jahnstraβe 12, A-8700 Leoben, Austria
H. Pálková
Affiliation:
Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, SK-842 36 Bratislava, Slovakia
P . Komadel
Affiliation:
Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, SK-842 36 Bratislava, Slovakia
*
*E-mail: uachjmad@savba.sk
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Mechanically-prepared binary mixtures of two dioctahedral smectites (of different chemical compositions) with two kaolinites (with different amounts of structural defects) were studied by infrared (IR) spectroscopy to verify the ability of IR spectroscopy to detect small amounts of individual components in the mixtures. The same samples were analysed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) in transmission and reflection geometries to compare the sensitivities of these techniques. Infrared spectroscopy is suitable for detecting small amounts of kaolinite in the smectite-rich samples but is not sensitive to small amounts of smectite in kaolinite-rich samples. The IR spectra of kaolinite/ smectite mixtures have a ‘strongly kaolinitic character’ even with only 30% kaolinite. The most characteristic band of kaolinite, near 3695 cm–1, gradually decreased in intensity with decreasing kaolinite content though the presence of this absorption allowed 0.5 mass % of both kaolinites to be detected in their mixtures with smectites. On the other hand, XRD powder techniques are much more adept at detecting low smectite contents in kaolinite-rich samples.

Keywords

dioctahedral smectiteskaolinitesmechanical mixtureslow-content componentsFTIRXRD
Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 37 , Issue 2 , June 2002 , pp. 377 - 388
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2002

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Amonette, J.E. & Zelazny, L.W. (1994) Quantitative Methods in Soil Mineralogy. Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI, USA, 462 pp.Google Scholar
Brindley, G.W. (1980) Quantitative X-ray mineral analysis of clays. Pp. 411–438 in. Crystal Structures of Clay Minerals and their X-ray Identification (Brindley, G.W. and Brown, G., editors). Monogaph, 5, Mineralogical Society, London.Google Scholar
Churchman, G.J., Slade, P.G., Self, P.G. & Janík, L.J. (1994) Nature of interstratified kaolin-smectites in some Australian soils. Australian Journal of Soil Research, 32, 805–822.Google Scholar
de la Fuente, S., Cuadros, J. & Linares, J. (2000) Quantification of mixed-layer illite-smectite in glass matrices by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Clays and Clay Minerals, 48, 299–303.Google Scholar
Delvaux, B., Mestdagh, M.M., Vielvoye, L. & Herbillon, A.J. (1989) XRD, IR and ESR study of experimental alteration of Al-nontronite into mixed layer kaolinite/ smectite. Clay Minerals, 24, 617–630.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Farmer, V.C. (1974) Layer silicates. Pp. 331–363 in. Infrared Spectra of Minerals (Farmer, V.C., editor). Monograph 4, Mineralogical Society, London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Farmer, V.C. (2000) Transverse and longitudinal crystal modes associated with OH stretching vibrations in singl e crystals of kaolinite and dicki te. Spectrochimica Acta A, 56, 927–930.Google Scholar
Hillier, S. (1999) Use of an air brush to spray dry samples for X-ray diffraction. Clay Minerals, 24, 617–630.Google Scholar
Hlavay, J., Jonas, K., Elek, S. & Inczedy, J. (1977) Characterization of the particle size and the crystallinity of certain minerals by infrared spectrophotometry and other instrume ntal methods I. Investigation on clay minerals. Clays and Clay Minerals, 25, 451–456.Google Scholar
Joussein, E., Petit, S. & Decarreau, A. (2001) Une nouvelle méthode de dosage des minéraux argileux en mélange par spectroscopie IR. Comptes Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences, Paris, 332, 83–89.Google Scholar
Komadel, P., Madejová, J. & Stucki, J.W. (1995) Reduction and reoxidation of nontronite: Questions of reversibility. Clays and Clay Minerals, 43, 105–110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Komadel, P., Madejová, J. & Stucki, J.W. (1999) Partial stabilization of Fe(II) in reduced ferruginous smectite by Li fixation. Clays and Clay Minerals, 47, 458–465.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Madejová, J., Kraus, I. & Komadel, P. (1995) Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic characterization of dioctahedral smectites and illites from the main Slovak deposits. Geologica Carpathica Series, Clays, 4, 23–32.Google Scholar
Madejová, J., Kraus, I., Tunega, D. Šamajová, E. (1997) Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic characterization of kaolin group minerals from the main Slovak deposits. Geologica Carpathica Series, Clays, 6, 3–10.Google Scholar
Moore, D.M. & Jr.Reynolds, R.C. (1989) X-ray Diffraction and the Identification and Analysis of Clay Minerals. Oxford University Press, New York, 332 pp.Google Scholar
Petit, S. & Decarreau, A. (1990) Hydrothermal (200°C) synthesis and crystal chemistry of iron-rich kaolinites. Clay Minerals, 25, 181–196.Google Scholar
Petit, S., Prot, T., Decarreau, A., Mosser, C. & Toledo-Groke, M.C. (1992) Crystallochemical study of a population of particles in smectites from a lateritic weathering profile. Clays and Clay Minerals, 40, 436–445.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pevear, D.R. & Mumpton, F.A. (1989) Quantitative Mineral Analysis of Clays. CMS Workshop Lectures, 1, The Clay Minerals Society, Evergreen, CO, 171 pp.Google Scholar
Poncelet, G.M. & Brindley, G.W. (1967) Experimental formation of kaolinite from montmorillonite at low tempe ratures. American Mine ralogist, 52, 1161–1173.Google Scholar
Russell, J.D. (1974) Instrumentation and Techniques. Pp. 11–25 in. Infrared Spectra of Minerals (Farmer, V.C., editor). Monograph 4, Mineralogi cal Society, London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Russell, J.D. & Fraser, A.R. (1994) Infrared methods. Pp. 11–67 in: Clay Mineralogy: Spectroscopic and Chemical Determinative Methods (Wilson, M.J., editor). Chapman & Hall, London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Środoń, J. (1980) Synthesis of mixed-layer kaolinite/ smectite. Clays and Clay Minerals, 28, 419–424.CrossRefGoogle Scholar